Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review
Neonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. At present, no clear consensus definition for sepsis in neonates exists, even though a positive blood culture is considered as the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. The accurate and timely diagnosis of se...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/6 |
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| author | Charikleia Kariniotaki Christina Thomou Despoina Gkentzi Eleftherios Panteris Gabriel Dimitriou Eleftheria Hatzidaki |
| author_facet | Charikleia Kariniotaki Christina Thomou Despoina Gkentzi Eleftherios Panteris Gabriel Dimitriou Eleftheria Hatzidaki |
| author_sort | Charikleia Kariniotaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. At present, no clear consensus definition for sepsis in neonates exists, even though a positive blood culture is considered as the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. The accurate and timely diagnosis of sepsis in neonates presents significant difficulties, since “culture negative” or “suspected” sepsis varies widely worldwide. Antibiotic overuse and resistance are emerging problems, but on the other hand, under-recognition of sepsis and delayed antibiotic treatment could have serious or even fatal adverse outcomes in this vulnerable population. In the context of rapid recognition of sepsis and timely initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy, various sepsis risk assessment tools have been developed, a variety of biomarkers are in clinical use or under research for future use, and new diagnostic techniques are under evaluation. In this review, we summarize the most recent data on neonatal sepsis, the utility of sepsis risk assessment tools for term and preterm infants with sepsis, and current diagnostic and preventive tools. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5430dcffb1aa43c4a15f610d73ee516e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-5430dcffb1aa43c4a15f610d73ee516e2025-01-24T13:18:29ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-12-01141610.3390/antibiotics14010006Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive ReviewCharikleia Kariniotaki0Christina Thomou1Despoina Gkentzi2Eleftherios Panteris3Gabriel Dimitriou4Eleftheria Hatzidaki5Department of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras Medical School, 26504 Rio, GreeceDepartment of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras Medical School, 26504 Rio, GreeceDepartment of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003 Heraklion, GreeceNeonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. At present, no clear consensus definition for sepsis in neonates exists, even though a positive blood culture is considered as the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. The accurate and timely diagnosis of sepsis in neonates presents significant difficulties, since “culture negative” or “suspected” sepsis varies widely worldwide. Antibiotic overuse and resistance are emerging problems, but on the other hand, under-recognition of sepsis and delayed antibiotic treatment could have serious or even fatal adverse outcomes in this vulnerable population. In the context of rapid recognition of sepsis and timely initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy, various sepsis risk assessment tools have been developed, a variety of biomarkers are in clinical use or under research for future use, and new diagnostic techniques are under evaluation. In this review, we summarize the most recent data on neonatal sepsis, the utility of sepsis risk assessment tools for term and preterm infants with sepsis, and current diagnostic and preventive tools.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/6early-onset sepsislate-onset sepsissepsis risk assessment toolssepsis biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Charikleia Kariniotaki Christina Thomou Despoina Gkentzi Eleftherios Panteris Gabriel Dimitriou Eleftheria Hatzidaki Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review Antibiotics early-onset sepsis late-onset sepsis sepsis risk assessment tools sepsis biomarkers |
| title | Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Neonatal Sepsis: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | neonatal sepsis a comprehensive review |
| topic | early-onset sepsis late-onset sepsis sepsis risk assessment tools sepsis biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT charikleiakariniotaki neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview AT christinathomou neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview AT despoinagkentzi neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview AT eleftheriospanteris neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview AT gabrieldimitriou neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview AT eleftheriahatzidaki neonatalsepsisacomprehensivereview |