Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis)
<i>H. longicornis</i> is used as an experimental animal model for the study of three-host ticks due to its special life cycle and easy maintenance in the laboratory and in its reproduction. The life cycle of <i>H. longicornis</i> goes through a tightly regulated life cycle to...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Min-Xuan Liu Xiao-Pei Xu Fan-Ming Meng Bing Zhang Wei-Gang Li Yuan-Yuan Zhang Qiao-Ying Zen Wen-Ge Liu |
| author_facet | Min-Xuan Liu Xiao-Pei Xu Fan-Ming Meng Bing Zhang Wei-Gang Li Yuan-Yuan Zhang Qiao-Ying Zen Wen-Ge Liu |
| author_sort | Min-Xuan Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>H. longicornis</i> is used as an experimental animal model for the study of three-host ticks due to its special life cycle and easy maintenance in the laboratory and in its reproduction. The life cycle of <i>H. longicornis</i> goes through a tightly regulated life cycle to adapt to the changing host and environment, and these stages of transition are also accompanied by proteome changes in the body. Here, we used the isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique to systematically describe and analyze the dynamic expression of the protein and the molecular basis of the proteome of <i>H. longicornis</i> in seven differential developmental stages (eggs, unfed larvae, engorged larvae, unfed nymphs, engorged nymphs unfed adults, and engorged adults). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were used. In our study, A total of 2044 proteins were identified, and their expression profiles were classified at different developmental stages. In addition, it was found that tissue and organ development-related proteins and metabolism-related proteins were involved in different physiological processes throughout the life cycle through the GO and KEGG analysis of DEPs. More importantly, we found that the up-regulated proteins of engorged adult ticks were mainly related to yolk absorption, degradation, and ovarian development-related proteins. The abundance of the cuticle proteins in the unfed stages was significantly higher compared with those of the engorged ticks in the previous stages. We believe that our study has made a significant contribution to the research on <i>H. longicornis</i>, which is an important vector of SFTSV. In this study, we identified changes in the proteome throughout the <i>H. longicornis</i> development, and functional analysis highlighted the important roles of many key proteins in developmental events (ovarian development, the molting process, the development of midgut, the development and degeneration of salivary glands, etc.). The revelation of this data will provide a reference proteome for future research on tick functional proteins and candidate targets for elucidating <i>H. longicornis</i> development and developing new tick control strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5396117d14ad45718325d05a00a4ecf6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5396117d14ad45718325d05a00a4ecf62025-01-24T13:38:37ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-01-011515910.3390/life15010059Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis)Min-Xuan Liu0Xiao-Pei Xu1Fan-Ming Meng2Bing Zhang3Wei-Gang Li4Yuan-Yuan Zhang5Qiao-Ying Zen6Wen-Ge Liu7College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, ChinaKey Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, ChinaAnimal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Zhenyuan County, Zhenyuan 744500, ChinaAnimal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Zhenyuan County, Zhenyuan 744500, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaState Key Laboratory Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730046, China<i>H. longicornis</i> is used as an experimental animal model for the study of three-host ticks due to its special life cycle and easy maintenance in the laboratory and in its reproduction. The life cycle of <i>H. longicornis</i> goes through a tightly regulated life cycle to adapt to the changing host and environment, and these stages of transition are also accompanied by proteome changes in the body. Here, we used the isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique to systematically describe and analyze the dynamic expression of the protein and the molecular basis of the proteome of <i>H. longicornis</i> in seven differential developmental stages (eggs, unfed larvae, engorged larvae, unfed nymphs, engorged nymphs unfed adults, and engorged adults). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were used. In our study, A total of 2044 proteins were identified, and their expression profiles were classified at different developmental stages. In addition, it was found that tissue and organ development-related proteins and metabolism-related proteins were involved in different physiological processes throughout the life cycle through the GO and KEGG analysis of DEPs. More importantly, we found that the up-regulated proteins of engorged adult ticks were mainly related to yolk absorption, degradation, and ovarian development-related proteins. The abundance of the cuticle proteins in the unfed stages was significantly higher compared with those of the engorged ticks in the previous stages. We believe that our study has made a significant contribution to the research on <i>H. longicornis</i>, which is an important vector of SFTSV. In this study, we identified changes in the proteome throughout the <i>H. longicornis</i> development, and functional analysis highlighted the important roles of many key proteins in developmental events (ovarian development, the molting process, the development of midgut, the development and degeneration of salivary glands, etc.). The revelation of this data will provide a reference proteome for future research on tick functional proteins and candidate targets for elucidating <i>H. longicornis</i> development and developing new tick control strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/59<i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i>proteomicdevelopmentiTRAQdifferential protein |
| spellingShingle | Min-Xuan Liu Xiao-Pei Xu Fan-Ming Meng Bing Zhang Wei-Gang Li Yuan-Yuan Zhang Qiao-Ying Zen Wen-Ge Liu Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) Life <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> proteomic development iTRAQ differential protein |
| title | Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) |
| title_full | Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) |
| title_fullStr | Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) |
| title_short | Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> (Parthenogenesis) |
| title_sort | developmental proteomics reveals the dynamic expression profile of global proteins of i haemaphysalis longicornis i parthenogenesis |
| topic | <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> proteomic development iTRAQ differential protein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/59 |
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