Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat

Abstract Background Oat (Avena sativa L.) represents one of the important cereal crops grown in different areas around the world due to its use in human nutrition, food industry, biomaterials, and pharmaceutical industries. Fusarium seedling blight disease (FSBD) represents one of the most dangerous...

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Main Authors: Nessma A. El Zawawy, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Nadia Attia, Yehia A.- G. Mahmoud
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Plant Biology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06517-7
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author Nessma A. El Zawawy
Mohamed A. El-Esawi
Nadia Attia
Yehia A.- G. Mahmoud
author_facet Nessma A. El Zawawy
Mohamed A. El-Esawi
Nadia Attia
Yehia A.- G. Mahmoud
author_sort Nessma A. El Zawawy
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Oat (Avena sativa L.) represents one of the important cereal crops grown in different areas around the world due to its use in human nutrition, food industry, biomaterials, and pharmaceutical industries. Fusarium seedling blight disease (FSBD) represents one of the most dangerous diseases affecting oat cultivation. Endophytic fungi proved to be useful in plant disease management. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of applied endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 culture filtrate (CF) on disease severity, plant performance, defense systems, antioxidant activity, and stress-related genes expression in oat plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum. Results The dual culture assay results revealed that T. harzianum is antagonistic against F. oxysporum and could inhibit the growth by 86.6% seven days post inoculation. Scanning electron microscope results showed that the antagonism mechanisms include nutrition, space competition, and mycoparasitism. GC–MS analysis demonstrated the presence of several volatile organic compounds in T. harzianum CF and each component might contribute to its biological activity. In a greenhouse experiment, spraying and irrigation with T. harzianum CF revealed less severe symptoms and slower disease development in the infected oat plants compared to untreated plants. Moreover, T. harzianum CF treatment significantly enhanced the levels of total reducing power, phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes, and stress-related genes expression in F. oxysporum-infected oat plants. Conclusions Our results demonstrated T. harzianum CF has an effective role in controlling FSBD in oat plants as a novel biocontrol agent.
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spelling doaj-art-538d63a19a7142efb0ba480f19299bc42025-08-20T03:09:34ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-05-0125111510.1186/s12870-025-06517-7Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oatNessma A. El Zawawy0Mohamed A. El-Esawi1Nadia Attia2Yehia A.- G. Mahmoud3Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityAbstract Background Oat (Avena sativa L.) represents one of the important cereal crops grown in different areas around the world due to its use in human nutrition, food industry, biomaterials, and pharmaceutical industries. Fusarium seedling blight disease (FSBD) represents one of the most dangerous diseases affecting oat cultivation. Endophytic fungi proved to be useful in plant disease management. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of applied endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 culture filtrate (CF) on disease severity, plant performance, defense systems, antioxidant activity, and stress-related genes expression in oat plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum. Results The dual culture assay results revealed that T. harzianum is antagonistic against F. oxysporum and could inhibit the growth by 86.6% seven days post inoculation. Scanning electron microscope results showed that the antagonism mechanisms include nutrition, space competition, and mycoparasitism. GC–MS analysis demonstrated the presence of several volatile organic compounds in T. harzianum CF and each component might contribute to its biological activity. In a greenhouse experiment, spraying and irrigation with T. harzianum CF revealed less severe symptoms and slower disease development in the infected oat plants compared to untreated plants. Moreover, T. harzianum CF treatment significantly enhanced the levels of total reducing power, phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes, and stress-related genes expression in F. oxysporum-infected oat plants. Conclusions Our results demonstrated T. harzianum CF has an effective role in controlling FSBD in oat plants as a novel biocontrol agent.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06517-7OatsFusarium oxysporumSeedling blightMycoparasitismTrichoderma biocontrol agent
spellingShingle Nessma A. El Zawawy
Mohamed A. El-Esawi
Nadia Attia
Yehia A.- G. Mahmoud
Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
BMC Plant Biology
Oats
Fusarium oxysporum
Seedling blight
Mycoparasitism
Trichoderma biocontrol agent
title Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
title_full Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
title_fullStr Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
title_full_unstemmed Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
title_short Biocontrol potential of endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC 14897 against Fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
title_sort biocontrol potential of endophytic trichoderma harzianum aumc 14897 against fusarium seedling blight disease in oat
topic Oats
Fusarium oxysporum
Seedling blight
Mycoparasitism
Trichoderma biocontrol agent
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06517-7
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