Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal
Intuitively one might expect that activation of GABAergic inhibitory neurons results in bradycardia. In conscious animals the opposite effect is however observed. GABAergic neurons in nucleus ambiguus hold the ability to control the activity of the parasympathetic vagus nerve that innervates the hea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/578273 |
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| _version_ | 1832564468542865408 |
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| author | Bo Hjorth Bentzen Morten Grunnet |
| author_facet | Bo Hjorth Bentzen Morten Grunnet |
| author_sort | Bo Hjorth Bentzen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intuitively one might expect that activation of GABAergic inhibitory neurons results in bradycardia. In conscious animals the opposite effect is however observed. GABAergic neurons in nucleus ambiguus hold the ability to control the activity of the parasympathetic vagus nerve that innervates the heart. Upon GABA activation the vagus nerve will be inhibited leaving less parasympathetic impact on the heart. The picture is however blurred in the presence of anaesthesia where both the concentration and type of anaesthetics can result in different effects on the cardiovascular system. This paper reviews cardiovascular outcomes of GABA activation and includes own experiments on anaesthetized animals and isolated hearts. In conclusion, the impact of changes in GABAergic input is very difficult to predict in these settings, emphasizing the need for experiments performed in conscious animals when aiming at determining the cardiovascular effects of compounds acting on GABAergic neurons. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-534a800e395c45edb3bd4f3f9062a71f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-6334 1687-6342 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-534a800e395c45edb3bd4f3f9062a71f2025-02-03T01:10:54ZengWileyAdvances in Pharmacological Sciences1687-63341687-63422011-01-01201110.1155/2011/578273578273Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the AnimalBo Hjorth Bentzen0Morten Grunnet1NeuroSearch A/S, Pederstrupvej 93, 2750 Ballerup, DenmarkNeuroSearch A/S, Pederstrupvej 93, 2750 Ballerup, DenmarkIntuitively one might expect that activation of GABAergic inhibitory neurons results in bradycardia. In conscious animals the opposite effect is however observed. GABAergic neurons in nucleus ambiguus hold the ability to control the activity of the parasympathetic vagus nerve that innervates the heart. Upon GABA activation the vagus nerve will be inhibited leaving less parasympathetic impact on the heart. The picture is however blurred in the presence of anaesthesia where both the concentration and type of anaesthetics can result in different effects on the cardiovascular system. This paper reviews cardiovascular outcomes of GABA activation and includes own experiments on anaesthetized animals and isolated hearts. In conclusion, the impact of changes in GABAergic input is very difficult to predict in these settings, emphasizing the need for experiments performed in conscious animals when aiming at determining the cardiovascular effects of compounds acting on GABAergic neurons.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/578273 |
| spellingShingle | Bo Hjorth Bentzen Morten Grunnet Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal Advances in Pharmacological Sciences |
| title | Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal |
| title_full | Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal |
| title_fullStr | Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal |
| title_short | Central and Peripheral GABAA Receptor Regulation of the Heart Rate Depends on the Conscious State of the Animal |
| title_sort | central and peripheral gabaa receptor regulation of the heart rate depends on the conscious state of the animal |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/578273 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bohjorthbentzen centralandperipheralgabaareceptorregulationoftheheartratedependsontheconsciousstateoftheanimal AT mortengrunnet centralandperipheralgabaareceptorregulationoftheheartratedependsontheconsciousstateoftheanimal |