Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes in Obese Women with Gestational Diabetes
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: To assess pregnancy and delivery complications in obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and neonatal weight and condition after birth. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A retrospective tertiary referral centre study included all ca...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/1/51 |
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| Summary: | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: To assess pregnancy and delivery complications in obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and neonatal weight and condition after birth. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A retrospective tertiary referral centre study included all cases of GDM in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS) Birth Registry from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. We included 583 women with GDM and singleton pregnancies. Women were divided into two groups according to their pre-pregnancy weight: 202 were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and 381 were weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Survey data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and MS Excel 2016 software. A value of <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered significant. <i>Results</i>: Fasting glycaemia was significantly higher in obese women with GDM than in normal-weight women with GDM (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, fasting glycaemia was higher in obese women with GDM requiring insulin correction than in normal-weight women (<i>p</i> = 0.006). OGTT 0-min glycaemia was higher in obese than in non-obese women with gestational diabetes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Women with pre-pregnancy obesity had a higher incidence of primary hypertension (<i>p</i> < 0.001), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (<i>p</i> < 0.001), gestational cholestasis (<i>p</i> = 0.002), polyhydramnios (<i>p</i> < 0.001), induced labour (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and caesarean section (<i>p</i> = 0.015), with emergency caesarean sections being more frequent than planned caesarean sections (<i>p</i> = 0.011) compared to normal-weight women with GDM. Labour dystocia (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and foetal distress (<i>p</i> = 0,019) were more common during labour in obese women. Neonates of these women more often had macrosomia (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and lower Apgar scores at 1 min (<i>p</i> = 0.024) and at 5 min (<i>p</i> = 0.024) compared to neonates of normal-weight women. <i>Conclusions</i>: Obese women with GDM experience more pregnancy complications than normal-weight women with GDM. |
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| ISSN: | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |