Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation
The focus on sustainability and circular economy renders the microalgal biorefinery concept highly attractive. Although the diversity of microalgal composition makes them ideal feedstocks, their metabolic versatility challenges bioprocess optimization. To address this, an integrated, strain-specific...
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525000285 |
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| author | Eleni Krikigianni Kyriakos Antoniadis Paul Christakopoulos Ulrika Rova Leonidas Matsakas Alok Patel |
| author_facet | Eleni Krikigianni Kyriakos Antoniadis Paul Christakopoulos Ulrika Rova Leonidas Matsakas Alok Patel |
| author_sort | Eleni Krikigianni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The focus on sustainability and circular economy renders the microalgal biorefinery concept highly attractive. Although the diversity of microalgal composition makes them ideal feedstocks, their metabolic versatility challenges bioprocess optimization. To address this, an integrated, strain-specific approach was used to evaluate key cultivation parameters (nitrogen source, C/N ratio, and light intensity) as their interactions affect growth performance and biochemical composition. Heterotrophic cultivation of A. protothecoides (AP) and C. sorokiniana (CS) in glucose showed enhanced cell growth with organic N-sources. Biomass was consistently elevated across C/N ratios from 5 to 60 with corn steep liquor (CSL) (8.1 g L-1) and yeast extract (YE) (7.0 g L-1), while with urea it maximized at C/N 5 (6.2 g L-1). Protein synthesis increased at C/N 5, whereas lipid accumulation at C/N 60. Beechwood hydrolysate, a renewable glucose alternative, produced an average of 4.1 g L-1 protein (C/N 5) and 3.5 g L-1 lipids (C/N 60) between YE and CSL. Mixotrophic cultivation indicated better photosynthetic adaptation of AP at C/N 5, yielding 13.2 g L-1 biomass at 400 μmol m-2 s-1, whereas at C/N 60 growth was favored at 50 μmol m-2 s-1. The fatty acid profile of microalgal oil revealed de novo biosynthesis of odd-chain fatty acids at C/N 5 in both cultivation modes, while biodiesel-grade lipids produced in heterotrophic condition. These findings advance microalgal bioprocessing by emphasizing the importance of fine-tuning cultivation strategies and utilizing renewable nutrients to maximize resource efficiency and optimize the biosynthesis of valuable bioproducts, such as proteins, pigments, carbohydrates, and high-quality lipids. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-52b41198e77742eeaa26cb97aad0f7a1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1745 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
| spelling | doaj-art-52b41198e77742eeaa26cb97aad0f7a12025-01-27T04:22:11ZengElsevierEnergy Conversion and Management: X2590-17452025-04-0126100896Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generationEleni Krikigianni0Kyriakos Antoniadis1Paul Christakopoulos2Ulrika Rova3Leonidas Matsakas4Alok Patel5Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenBiochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenBiochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenBiochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenBiochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenCorresponding author.; Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SwedenThe focus on sustainability and circular economy renders the microalgal biorefinery concept highly attractive. Although the diversity of microalgal composition makes them ideal feedstocks, their metabolic versatility challenges bioprocess optimization. To address this, an integrated, strain-specific approach was used to evaluate key cultivation parameters (nitrogen source, C/N ratio, and light intensity) as their interactions affect growth performance and biochemical composition. Heterotrophic cultivation of A. protothecoides (AP) and C. sorokiniana (CS) in glucose showed enhanced cell growth with organic N-sources. Biomass was consistently elevated across C/N ratios from 5 to 60 with corn steep liquor (CSL) (8.1 g L-1) and yeast extract (YE) (7.0 g L-1), while with urea it maximized at C/N 5 (6.2 g L-1). Protein synthesis increased at C/N 5, whereas lipid accumulation at C/N 60. Beechwood hydrolysate, a renewable glucose alternative, produced an average of 4.1 g L-1 protein (C/N 5) and 3.5 g L-1 lipids (C/N 60) between YE and CSL. Mixotrophic cultivation indicated better photosynthetic adaptation of AP at C/N 5, yielding 13.2 g L-1 biomass at 400 μmol m-2 s-1, whereas at C/N 60 growth was favored at 50 μmol m-2 s-1. The fatty acid profile of microalgal oil revealed de novo biosynthesis of odd-chain fatty acids at C/N 5 in both cultivation modes, while biodiesel-grade lipids produced in heterotrophic condition. These findings advance microalgal bioprocessing by emphasizing the importance of fine-tuning cultivation strategies and utilizing renewable nutrients to maximize resource efficiency and optimize the biosynthesis of valuable bioproducts, such as proteins, pigments, carbohydrates, and high-quality lipids.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525000285Microalgal biorefineryAuxenochlorella protothecoidesChlorella sorokinianaBiodieselOdd-chain fatty acidsProtein |
| spellingShingle | Eleni Krikigianni Kyriakos Antoniadis Paul Christakopoulos Ulrika Rova Leonidas Matsakas Alok Patel Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation Energy Conversion and Management: X Microalgal biorefinery Auxenochlorella protothecoides Chlorella sorokiniana Biodiesel Odd-chain fatty acids Protein |
| title | Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| title_full | Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| title_fullStr | Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| title_short | Strategic bioprocessing of A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| title_sort | strategic bioprocessing of a protothecoides and c sorokiniana using renewable feedstocks for targeted bioproduct and biodiesel generation |
| topic | Microalgal biorefinery Auxenochlorella protothecoides Chlorella sorokiniana Biodiesel Odd-chain fatty acids Protein |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525000285 |
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