Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, recurrent, and severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and medical comorbidities. Stress-related pathways have been directly involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD. The present paper provides an overview on the stress system as a mo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/581976 |
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| author | Phillip W. Gold Rodrigo Machado-Vieira Maria G. Pavlatou |
| author_facet | Phillip W. Gold Rodrigo Machado-Vieira Maria G. Pavlatou |
| author_sort | Phillip W. Gold |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, recurrent, and severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and medical comorbidities. Stress-related pathways have been directly involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD. The present paper provides an overview on the stress system as a model to understand key pathophysiological paradigms in MDD. These mechanisms involve behavioral, cognitive, and systemic manifestations and are also associated with the mechanisms of action of effective antidepressants. Aspects such as depression subtypes, inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and prothrombotic states in critical brain circuits and periphery are critically appraised. Finally, new strategies for approaching treatment-resistant major depression and potential adverse effects associated with this complex and intricate network are highlighted. The authors used PubMed as the database for this review. Each author extracted relevant data and assessed the methodological quality of each study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-51afd5c43089499cb05941b798fcc92d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-51afd5c43089499cb05941b798fcc92d2025-02-03T05:50:23ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432015-01-01201510.1155/2015/581976581976Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of StressPhillip W. Gold0Rodrigo Machado-Vieira1Maria G. Pavlatou2National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USANational Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAUnit on Molecular Hormone Action, Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, recurrent, and severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and medical comorbidities. Stress-related pathways have been directly involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD. The present paper provides an overview on the stress system as a model to understand key pathophysiological paradigms in MDD. These mechanisms involve behavioral, cognitive, and systemic manifestations and are also associated with the mechanisms of action of effective antidepressants. Aspects such as depression subtypes, inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and prothrombotic states in critical brain circuits and periphery are critically appraised. Finally, new strategies for approaching treatment-resistant major depression and potential adverse effects associated with this complex and intricate network are highlighted. The authors used PubMed as the database for this review. Each author extracted relevant data and assessed the methodological quality of each study.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/581976 |
| spellingShingle | Phillip W. Gold Rodrigo Machado-Vieira Maria G. Pavlatou Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress Neural Plasticity |
| title | Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress |
| title_full | Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress |
| title_short | Clinical and Biochemical Manifestations of Depression: Relation to the Neurobiology of Stress |
| title_sort | clinical and biochemical manifestations of depression relation to the neurobiology of stress |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/581976 |
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