Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway
Mya arenaria is a bivalve mollusk of commercial and economic importance, currently impacted by ocean warming, acidification, and invasive species. In order to inform studies on the growth of M. arenaria, we selected and inbred a population of soft-shell clams for a fast-growth phenotype. This popula...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Genomics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6720947 |
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| author | John J. Wilson Janelle Grendler Azaline Dunlap-Smith Brian F. Beal Shallee T. Page |
| author_facet | John J. Wilson Janelle Grendler Azaline Dunlap-Smith Brian F. Beal Shallee T. Page |
| author_sort | John J. Wilson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mya arenaria is a bivalve mollusk of commercial and economic importance, currently impacted by ocean warming, acidification, and invasive species. In order to inform studies on the growth of M. arenaria, we selected and inbred a population of soft-shell clams for a fast-growth phenotype. This population displayed significantly faster growth (p<0.0001), as measured by 35.4% greater shell size. To assess the biological basis of this growth heterosis, we characterized the complete transcriptomes of six individuals and identified differentially expressed genes by RNAseq. Pathways differentially expressed included structural gene pathways. Also differentially expressed was the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) receptor pathway that contributes to determination of growth, immunity, apoptosis, and proliferation. NOD2 pathway members that were upregulated included a subset of isoforms of RIPK2 (mean 3.3-fold increase in expression), ERK/MAPK14 (3.8-fold), JNK/MAPK8 (4.1-fold), and NFκB (4.08-fold). These transcriptomes will be useful resources for both the aquaculture community and researchers with an interest in mollusks and growth heterosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-516973a7eb6243cf9f99a79218848f3e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-436X 2314-4378 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-516973a7eb6243cf9f99a79218848f3e2025-02-03T01:21:11ZengWileyInternational Journal of Genomics2314-436X2314-43782016-01-01201610.1155/2016/67209476720947Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 PathwayJohn J. Wilson0Janelle Grendler1Azaline Dunlap-Smith2Brian F. Beal3Shallee T. Page4Division of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Maine at Machias, Machias, ME 04654, USADivision of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Maine at Machias, Machias, ME 04654, USADivision of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Maine at Machias, Machias, ME 04654, USADivision of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Maine at Machias, Machias, ME 04654, USADivision of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Maine at Machias, Machias, ME 04654, USAMya arenaria is a bivalve mollusk of commercial and economic importance, currently impacted by ocean warming, acidification, and invasive species. In order to inform studies on the growth of M. arenaria, we selected and inbred a population of soft-shell clams for a fast-growth phenotype. This population displayed significantly faster growth (p<0.0001), as measured by 35.4% greater shell size. To assess the biological basis of this growth heterosis, we characterized the complete transcriptomes of six individuals and identified differentially expressed genes by RNAseq. Pathways differentially expressed included structural gene pathways. Also differentially expressed was the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) receptor pathway that contributes to determination of growth, immunity, apoptosis, and proliferation. NOD2 pathway members that were upregulated included a subset of isoforms of RIPK2 (mean 3.3-fold increase in expression), ERK/MAPK14 (3.8-fold), JNK/MAPK8 (4.1-fold), and NFκB (4.08-fold). These transcriptomes will be useful resources for both the aquaculture community and researchers with an interest in mollusks and growth heterosis.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6720947 |
| spellingShingle | John J. Wilson Janelle Grendler Azaline Dunlap-Smith Brian F. Beal Shallee T. Page Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway International Journal of Genomics |
| title | Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway |
| title_full | Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway |
| title_short | Analysis of Gene Expression in an Inbred Line of Soft-Shell Clams (Mya arenaria) Displaying Growth Heterosis: Regulation of Structural Genes and the NOD2 Pathway |
| title_sort | analysis of gene expression in an inbred line of soft shell clams mya arenaria displaying growth heterosis regulation of structural genes and the nod2 pathway |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6720947 |
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