The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis
The escalating issue of air pollution contributes to an alarming number of premature fatalities each year, thereby posing a significant threat to global health. The focus of recent research has shifted towards understanding its potential association with neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzh...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/246 |
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| author | Louise Odendaal Hazel Quek Carla Cuní-López Anthony R. White Romal Stewart |
| author_facet | Louise Odendaal Hazel Quek Carla Cuní-López Anthony R. White Romal Stewart |
| author_sort | Louise Odendaal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The escalating issue of air pollution contributes to an alarming number of premature fatalities each year, thereby posing a significant threat to global health. The focus of recent research has shifted towards understanding its potential association with neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is recognised for its characteristic deposition of toxic proteins within the brain, leading to a steady deterioration of cognitive capabilities, memory failure, and, ultimately, death. There is burgeoning evidence implying that air pollution may be a contributing factor to this protein build up, thereby intensifying the course of AD. It has been demonstrated that the olfactory system, responsible for smell perception and processing, acts as a potential gateway for airborne pollutants to inflict brain damage. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between air pollution, olfactory deterioration, and AD. Additionally, this review aims to highlight the potential mechanisms through which pollutants might instigate the development of AD and the role of the olfactory system in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, the diverse model systems employed in exploring the correlation, public health policy ramifications, and prospective directions for future research will be discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-51371b34ad1448469833cccf40d6bfcf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-51371b34ad1448469833cccf40d6bfcf2025-01-24T13:24:32ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-0113124610.3390/biomedicines13010246The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease PathogenesisLouise Odendaal0Hazel Quek1Carla Cuní-López2Anthony R. White3Romal Stewart4Brain and Mental Health, Cellular and Molecular Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaBrain and Mental Health, Cellular and Molecular Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaBrain and Mental Health, Cellular and Molecular Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaBrain and Mental Health, Cellular and Molecular Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaBrain and Mental Health, Cellular and Molecular Neurodegeneration, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, AustraliaThe escalating issue of air pollution contributes to an alarming number of premature fatalities each year, thereby posing a significant threat to global health. The focus of recent research has shifted towards understanding its potential association with neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is recognised for its characteristic deposition of toxic proteins within the brain, leading to a steady deterioration of cognitive capabilities, memory failure, and, ultimately, death. There is burgeoning evidence implying that air pollution may be a contributing factor to this protein build up, thereby intensifying the course of AD. It has been demonstrated that the olfactory system, responsible for smell perception and processing, acts as a potential gateway for airborne pollutants to inflict brain damage. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between air pollution, olfactory deterioration, and AD. Additionally, this review aims to highlight the potential mechanisms through which pollutants might instigate the development of AD and the role of the olfactory system in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, the diverse model systems employed in exploring the correlation, public health policy ramifications, and prospective directions for future research will be discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/246olfactory systemair pollutionAlzheimer’s disease (AD)neuroinflammationenvironmental neurotoxicityolfactory modelling systems |
| spellingShingle | Louise Odendaal Hazel Quek Carla Cuní-López Anthony R. White Romal Stewart The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis Biomedicines olfactory system air pollution Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuroinflammation environmental neurotoxicity olfactory modelling systems |
| title | The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis |
| title_full | The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis |
| title_short | The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis |
| title_sort | role of air pollution and olfactory dysfunction in alzheimer s disease pathogenesis |
| topic | olfactory system air pollution Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuroinflammation environmental neurotoxicity olfactory modelling systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/246 |
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