Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells
Activated carbons were produced from coconut shells of tall and dwarf tree varieties. The activated carbon from the tall tree variety was initially synthesized using 1 M concentration of each of ZnCl2, H3PO4, and KOH solutions. From the adsorptive tests conducted using methylene blue solution, the a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2801359 |
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| author | E. S. Sanni M. E. Emetere J. O. Odigure V. E. Efeovbokhan O. Agboola E. R. Sadiku |
| author_facet | E. S. Sanni M. E. Emetere J. O. Odigure V. E. Efeovbokhan O. Agboola E. R. Sadiku |
| author_sort | E. S. Sanni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Activated carbons were produced from coconut shells of tall and dwarf tree varieties. The activated carbon from the tall tree variety was initially synthesized using 1 M concentration of each of ZnCl2, H3PO4, and KOH solutions. From the adsorptive tests conducted using methylene blue solution, the activated carbon produced with H3PO4 gave the best absorbance and adsorptive performance. Coconut shells of dwarf tree variety were then obtained and treated with same mass of coconut shells of the tall tree variety using varied concentrations of the acid in order to determine whether the optimum concentration and temperature for producing carbon black from the coconut shells are distinct or similar for both varieties. The process was also modelled using the Differential Response Method (DRM) in order to determine the yields and adsorptive performances of the activated carbons by varying the carbonization temperature and concentration. The results from experiment and the developed mathematical model were both found to be in agreement giving the optimum concentration of phosphoric acid and pH for producing activated carbon to be 0.67 M and 2.07 for the tall tree variety and 1 M and 1.98 for the dwarf variety at optimum temperatures in the range of 450–575°C and 575°C, respectively. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-509fed55017b4e649bd78039cf331232 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-806X 1687-8078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-509fed55017b4e649bd78039cf3312322025-02-03T01:26:26ZengWileyInternational Journal of Chemical Engineering1687-806X1687-80782017-01-01201710.1155/2017/28013592801359Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut ShellsE. S. Sanni0M. E. Emetere1J. O. Odigure2V. E. Efeovbokhan3O. Agboola4E. R. Sadiku5Department of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Physics, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Niger State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South AfricaActivated carbons were produced from coconut shells of tall and dwarf tree varieties. The activated carbon from the tall tree variety was initially synthesized using 1 M concentration of each of ZnCl2, H3PO4, and KOH solutions. From the adsorptive tests conducted using methylene blue solution, the activated carbon produced with H3PO4 gave the best absorbance and adsorptive performance. Coconut shells of dwarf tree variety were then obtained and treated with same mass of coconut shells of the tall tree variety using varied concentrations of the acid in order to determine whether the optimum concentration and temperature for producing carbon black from the coconut shells are distinct or similar for both varieties. The process was also modelled using the Differential Response Method (DRM) in order to determine the yields and adsorptive performances of the activated carbons by varying the carbonization temperature and concentration. The results from experiment and the developed mathematical model were both found to be in agreement giving the optimum concentration of phosphoric acid and pH for producing activated carbon to be 0.67 M and 2.07 for the tall tree variety and 1 M and 1.98 for the dwarf variety at optimum temperatures in the range of 450–575°C and 575°C, respectively.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2801359 |
| spellingShingle | E. S. Sanni M. E. Emetere J. O. Odigure V. E. Efeovbokhan O. Agboola E. R. Sadiku Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells International Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| title | Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells |
| title_full | Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells |
| title_short | Determination of Optimum Conditions for the Production of Activated Carbon Derived from Separate Varieties of Coconut Shells |
| title_sort | determination of optimum conditions for the production of activated carbon derived from separate varieties of coconut shells |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2801359 |
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