Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation
Objective: To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on ischemic stroke and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham, model, and EGb761 (ginkgo biloba extract). Ischemic stroke was then simulated in rats...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095754824000942 |
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| author | Xiaoyao Liu Yuan Tian Wenhui Xu Yuxi Wang Zhen Liu Yuncheng Ma Weiling Wang Jian Gao Ting Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaoyao Liu Yuan Tian Wenhui Xu Yuxi Wang Zhen Liu Yuncheng Ma Weiling Wang Jian Gao Ting Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaoyao Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on ischemic stroke and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham, model, and EGb761 (ginkgo biloba extract). Ischemic stroke was then simulated in rats via embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery, with the extract administered half an hour before surgery. Neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, cerebral edema rate, and inflammatory factors served as the primary metrics for drug efficacy. Serum metabolites were analyzed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance to elucidate the operative mechanism. Results: Treatment with the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 significantly ameliorated the neurological deficit scores (P = .0343), diminished the cerebral infarct volume (P = .0001) and cerebral edema rate (P = .0030), and alleviated neuroinflammation (all P < .05) in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. In addition, it significantly altered the contents of various metabolites, such as 2-hydroxybutyrate, isoleucine, isopropanol, isobutyric acid, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, glutamine, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine (all P < .05). Enrichment analysis of the differential metabolites indicated that EGb761 may be involved in the regulation of amino acid metabolism, betaine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle, Warburg effect, and urea cycle. Conclusion: The ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 demonstrates anti-ischemic stroke effect on ischemic stroke model rats by regulating amino acids and amino acid derivatives, such as isoleucine, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5098c131925a456680d744590523e7c6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2095-7548 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-5098c131925a456680d744590523e7c62025-01-25T04:11:11ZengElsevierJournal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences2095-75482025-01-011211323Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulationXiaoyao Liu0Yuan Tian1Wenhui Xu2Yuxi Wang3Zhen Liu4Yuncheng Ma5Weiling Wang6Jian Gao7Ting Wang8School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, ChinaSchool of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Corresponding author.Objective: To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on ischemic stroke and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham, model, and EGb761 (ginkgo biloba extract). Ischemic stroke was then simulated in rats via embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery, with the extract administered half an hour before surgery. Neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, cerebral edema rate, and inflammatory factors served as the primary metrics for drug efficacy. Serum metabolites were analyzed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance to elucidate the operative mechanism. Results: Treatment with the ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 significantly ameliorated the neurological deficit scores (P = .0343), diminished the cerebral infarct volume (P = .0001) and cerebral edema rate (P = .0030), and alleviated neuroinflammation (all P < .05) in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. In addition, it significantly altered the contents of various metabolites, such as 2-hydroxybutyrate, isoleucine, isopropanol, isobutyric acid, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, glutamine, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine (all P < .05). Enrichment analysis of the differential metabolites indicated that EGb761 may be involved in the regulation of amino acid metabolism, betaine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle, Warburg effect, and urea cycle. Conclusion: The ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 demonstrates anti-ischemic stroke effect on ischemic stroke model rats by regulating amino acids and amino acid derivatives, such as isoleucine, N6-acetyllysine, glutamate, methionine, and N,N-dimethylglycine.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095754824000942Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761Ischemic strokeMetabolomics1H-NMR |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyao Liu Yuan Tian Wenhui Xu Yuxi Wang Zhen Liu Yuncheng Ma Weiling Wang Jian Gao Ting Wang Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 Ischemic stroke Metabolomics 1H-NMR |
| title | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| title_full | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| title_fullStr | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| title_short | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| title_sort | ginkgo biloba extract egb761 mitigates ischemic stroke via metabolic pathway modulation |
| topic | Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 Ischemic stroke Metabolomics 1H-NMR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095754824000942 |
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