Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Background : Although an appropriate weight management strategy is essential for obese individuals, weight loss can have adverse effects on bone mineral density (BMD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials to evaluate changes in BMD after the implementation of various weig...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society for the Study of Obesity
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24009 |
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| author | Myung Jin Kim Seonok Kim Han Na Jung Chang Hee Jung Woo Je Lee Yun Kyung Cho |
| author_facet | Myung Jin Kim Seonok Kim Han Na Jung Chang Hee Jung Woo Je Lee Yun Kyung Cho |
| author_sort | Myung Jin Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background : Although an appropriate weight management strategy is essential for obese individuals, weight loss can have adverse effects on bone mineral density (BMD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials to evaluate changes in BMD after the implementation of various weight loss strategies. Methods : The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to find articles published from database inception until June 2023. Randomized controlled trials of various treatments for obese patients that reported changes in BMD were selected. The primary outcome was BMD of the whole body, lumbar spine, and total hip, measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Results : Eighteen randomized controlled trials involving 2,510 participants with obesity were included in the analysis. At follow-up examination, the BMD of the lumbar spine decreased significantly after metabolic surgery (mean difference [MD]=-0.40 g/cm2; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.73 to -0.07; I2=0%); lifestyle and pharmacological interventions did not result in a significant decrease in BMD at any location. Metabolic surgery also produced the most substantial difference in weight, with an MD of -3.14 (95% CI, -3.82 to -2.47). Conclusion : This meta-analysis is the first to examine the effects of all categories of anti-obesity strategies, including the use of anti-obesity medications, on BMD. Bariatric metabolic surgery can have adverse effects on BMD. Moreover, medications can be used as a treatment for weight loss without compromising bone quality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-505a9c2e07f34a268bbfc55db20e1e73 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2508-6235 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society for the Study of Obesity |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome |
| spelling | doaj-art-505a9c2e07f34a268bbfc55db20e1e732025-01-24T03:28:56ZengKorean Society for the Study of ObesityJournal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome2508-62352025-01-01341415310.7570/jomes24009jomes24009Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsMyung Jin Kim0Seonok Kim1Han Na Jung2Chang Hee Jung3Woo Je Lee4Yun Kyung Cho5Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaBackground : Although an appropriate weight management strategy is essential for obese individuals, weight loss can have adverse effects on bone mineral density (BMD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials to evaluate changes in BMD after the implementation of various weight loss strategies. Methods : The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to find articles published from database inception until June 2023. Randomized controlled trials of various treatments for obese patients that reported changes in BMD were selected. The primary outcome was BMD of the whole body, lumbar spine, and total hip, measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Results : Eighteen randomized controlled trials involving 2,510 participants with obesity were included in the analysis. At follow-up examination, the BMD of the lumbar spine decreased significantly after metabolic surgery (mean difference [MD]=-0.40 g/cm2; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.73 to -0.07; I2=0%); lifestyle and pharmacological interventions did not result in a significant decrease in BMD at any location. Metabolic surgery also produced the most substantial difference in weight, with an MD of -3.14 (95% CI, -3.82 to -2.47). Conclusion : This meta-analysis is the first to examine the effects of all categories of anti-obesity strategies, including the use of anti-obesity medications, on BMD. Bariatric metabolic surgery can have adverse effects on BMD. Moreover, medications can be used as a treatment for weight loss without compromising bone quality.http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24009obesitybone densitybariatric surgeryanti-obesity agentsrandomized controlled trial |
| spellingShingle | Myung Jin Kim Seonok Kim Han Na Jung Chang Hee Jung Woo Je Lee Yun Kyung Cho Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome obesity bone density bariatric surgery anti-obesity agents randomized controlled trial |
| title | Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full | Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_short | Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_sort | effects of anti obesity strategies on bone mineral density a comprehensive meta analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| topic | obesity bone density bariatric surgery anti-obesity agents randomized controlled trial |
| url | http://www.jomes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.7570/jomes24009 |
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