Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS
Swiss chard is a vegetable valued not only for the taste of its leaves but also because of its health-promoting properties. To date, nothing is known regarding the occurrence of saponins in the Swiss chard plant, even though they could be at least partially responsible for the nutraceutical activiti...
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Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.pan.olsztyn.pl/Determination-of-Saponins-in-Leaves-of-Four-Swiss-Chard-Beta-vulgaris-L-Cultivars,134623,0,2.html |
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| author | Agnieszka Mroczek Urszula Klimczak Mariusz Kowalczyk |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Mroczek Urszula Klimczak Mariusz Kowalczyk |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Mroczek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Swiss chard is a vegetable valued not only for the taste of its leaves but also because of its health-promoting properties. To date, nothing is known regarding the occurrence of saponins in the Swiss chard plant, even though they could be at least partially responsible for the nutraceutical activities of this plant. This research aimed to describe saponins from the leaves of four Swiss chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. Saponin structures were analyzed by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS. Based on the fragmentation patterns, we tentatively identified 16 triterpene saponins in B. vulgaris , including two that had not been detected previously. The observed compounds were glycosides of five different, tentatively identified aglycones, i.e ., oleanolic acid, hederagenin, gypsogenin, akebonoic acid, and serjanic acid. Moreover, the structure of four saponins detected in Swiss chard leaves included dioxolane-type and six acetal-type substituents. Eleven, eight, eleven, and eight saponins were observed in saponin fractions obtained from Rhubarb, Bulls Blood, Perpetual Spinach, and White Silver cultivars, respectively. Furthermore, the content of all identified triterpene derivatives in the investigated cultivars was estimated using a method based on the UHPLC coupled with QTOF-MS/MS and charged aerosol detector (CAD). The analyzed cultivars differed in the total and individual saponin content. The total saponin content ranged from 125.53 to 397.09 μg/g DW. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-50428963a287407f87901ff3311c65c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2083-6007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-50428963a287407f87901ff3311c65c42025-02-02T12:06:27ZengInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of SciencesPolish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences2083-60072021-04-0171214715910.31883/pjfns/134623134623Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MSAgnieszka Mroczek0Urszula Klimczak1Mariusz Kowalczyk2Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-960 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-960 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, PolandSwiss chard is a vegetable valued not only for the taste of its leaves but also because of its health-promoting properties. To date, nothing is known regarding the occurrence of saponins in the Swiss chard plant, even though they could be at least partially responsible for the nutraceutical activities of this plant. This research aimed to describe saponins from the leaves of four Swiss chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. Saponin structures were analyzed by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS. Based on the fragmentation patterns, we tentatively identified 16 triterpene saponins in B. vulgaris , including two that had not been detected previously. The observed compounds were glycosides of five different, tentatively identified aglycones, i.e ., oleanolic acid, hederagenin, gypsogenin, akebonoic acid, and serjanic acid. Moreover, the structure of four saponins detected in Swiss chard leaves included dioxolane-type and six acetal-type substituents. Eleven, eight, eleven, and eight saponins were observed in saponin fractions obtained from Rhubarb, Bulls Blood, Perpetual Spinach, and White Silver cultivars, respectively. Furthermore, the content of all identified triterpene derivatives in the investigated cultivars was estimated using a method based on the UHPLC coupled with QTOF-MS/MS and charged aerosol detector (CAD). The analyzed cultivars differed in the total and individual saponin content. The total saponin content ranged from 125.53 to 397.09 μg/g DW.http://journal.pan.olsztyn.pl/Determination-of-Saponins-in-Leaves-of-Four-Swiss-Chard-Beta-vulgaris-L-Cultivars,134623,0,2.htmlbeta vulgarisswiss chardamaranthaceaetriterpene saponinsoleanolic acidhederageninuhplc-ms |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Mroczek Urszula Klimczak Mariusz Kowalczyk Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences beta vulgaris swiss chard amaranthaceae triterpene saponins oleanolic acid hederagenin uhplc-ms |
| title | Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS |
| title_full | Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS |
| title_short | Determination of Saponins in Leaves of Four Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars by UHPLC-CAD/QTOF-MS/MS |
| title_sort | determination of saponins in leaves of four swiss chard beta vulgaris l cultivars by uhplc cad qtof ms ms |
| topic | beta vulgaris swiss chard amaranthaceae triterpene saponins oleanolic acid hederagenin uhplc-ms |
| url | http://journal.pan.olsztyn.pl/Determination-of-Saponins-in-Leaves-of-Four-Swiss-Chard-Beta-vulgaris-L-Cultivars,134623,0,2.html |
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