Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition
Fertilization is a critical process in sexual reproduction that involves the fusion of a capacitated sperm with a mature oocyte to form a zygote. Polyspermy, the fertilization of an oocyte by multiple sperm, leads to polyploidy and embryo lethality. Mammalian and non-mammalian oocytes have evolved m...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1514461/full |
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| author | Priscila García-Castro Isabella Giambó-Falian Ingrid Carvacho Ricardo Fuentes |
| author_facet | Priscila García-Castro Isabella Giambó-Falian Ingrid Carvacho Ricardo Fuentes |
| author_sort | Priscila García-Castro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fertilization is a critical process in sexual reproduction that involves the fusion of a capacitated sperm with a mature oocyte to form a zygote. Polyspermy, the fertilization of an oocyte by multiple sperm, leads to polyploidy and embryo lethality. Mammalian and non-mammalian oocytes have evolved mechanisms to prevent polyspermy, including fast and slow blocks. The fast block comprises membrane depolarization post-sperm fusion, temporarily preventing additional sperm fusion. The slow block, triggered by cortical granule (CG) exocytosis, involves the release of proteins that modify the zona pellucida to form a permanent barrier, avoiding the fertilization by additional sperm. The evidence shows that immature oocytes often fail to prevent polyspermy due to ineffective CG exocytosis, attributed to impaired intracellular calcium increases, lower content of this ion, and incomplete CG migration. The study of how genetic variations lead to observable phenotypes (phenogenetics) during the oocyte-to-embryo transition, have identified several maternal-effect genes in zebrafish involved in CG behavior. These genes regulate various stages of CG biology, including biosynthesis, maturation, and exocytosis. Mutations in these genes disrupt these processes, highlighting the maternal genetic control over CG properties. Zebrafish has emerged as a pivotal model for understanding the evolving genetic regulation and molecular mechanisms underlying CG biology, providing valuable insights into fertility and early embryonic development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4fc1c861abff4bd391bf61169694c8c0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4fc1c861abff4bd391bf61169694c8c02025-01-30T06:22:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2025-01-011310.3389/fcell.2025.15144611514461Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transitionPriscila García-Castro0Isabella Giambó-Falian1Ingrid Carvacho2Ricardo Fuentes3Laboratorio de Fenómica y Embriogénesis Temprana (LAFET), Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, ChileLaboratorio de Fenómica y Embriogénesis Temprana (LAFET), Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, ChileLaboratorio de Canales Iónicos y Reproducción (CIR), Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, ChileLaboratorio de Fenómica y Embriogénesis Temprana (LAFET), Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, ChileFertilization is a critical process in sexual reproduction that involves the fusion of a capacitated sperm with a mature oocyte to form a zygote. Polyspermy, the fertilization of an oocyte by multiple sperm, leads to polyploidy and embryo lethality. Mammalian and non-mammalian oocytes have evolved mechanisms to prevent polyspermy, including fast and slow blocks. The fast block comprises membrane depolarization post-sperm fusion, temporarily preventing additional sperm fusion. The slow block, triggered by cortical granule (CG) exocytosis, involves the release of proteins that modify the zona pellucida to form a permanent barrier, avoiding the fertilization by additional sperm. The evidence shows that immature oocytes often fail to prevent polyspermy due to ineffective CG exocytosis, attributed to impaired intracellular calcium increases, lower content of this ion, and incomplete CG migration. The study of how genetic variations lead to observable phenotypes (phenogenetics) during the oocyte-to-embryo transition, have identified several maternal-effect genes in zebrafish involved in CG behavior. These genes regulate various stages of CG biology, including biosynthesis, maturation, and exocytosis. Mutations in these genes disrupt these processes, highlighting the maternal genetic control over CG properties. Zebrafish has emerged as a pivotal model for understanding the evolving genetic regulation and molecular mechanisms underlying CG biology, providing valuable insights into fertility and early embryonic development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1514461/fullfertilizationzebrafishcortical granule dynamicsoocyte maturationpolyspermy |
| spellingShingle | Priscila García-Castro Isabella Giambó-Falian Ingrid Carvacho Ricardo Fuentes Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology fertilization zebrafish cortical granule dynamics oocyte maturation polyspermy |
| title | Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition |
| title_full | Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition |
| title_fullStr | Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition |
| title_short | Phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte-to-embryo transition |
| title_sort | phenogenetics of cortical granule dynamics during zebrafish oocyte to embryo transition |
| topic | fertilization zebrafish cortical granule dynamics oocyte maturation polyspermy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1514461/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT priscilagarciacastro phenogeneticsofcorticalgranuledynamicsduringzebrafishoocytetoembryotransition AT isabellagiambofalian phenogeneticsofcorticalgranuledynamicsduringzebrafishoocytetoembryotransition AT ingridcarvacho phenogeneticsofcorticalgranuledynamicsduringzebrafishoocytetoembryotransition AT ricardofuentes phenogeneticsofcorticalgranuledynamicsduringzebrafishoocytetoembryotransition |