Development of a hip osteoarthritis index for gait quality assessment: a data-driven comparative study
Abstract Scientific evidence demonstrates a strong relation between gait abnormalities and osteoarthritis, highlighting the need for a gait quality index for rapid osteoarthritis monitoring. Using a dataset on hip osteoarthritis, including 80 healthy individuals and 106 patients classified by Kellgr...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10074-2 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Scientific evidence demonstrates a strong relation between gait abnormalities and osteoarthritis, highlighting the need for a gait quality index for rapid osteoarthritis monitoring. Using a dataset on hip osteoarthritis, including 80 healthy individuals and 106 patients classified by Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grading scale with pre- and post-arthroplasty surgery data, we introduced a linear model and a Hip Osteoarthritis Index (HOI) based on two kinematic features: (1) hip-knee angular velocity area and (2) hip maximum angular velocity. Additionally, we employed multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and deep recurrent neural network (RNN) models to evaluate the efficacy of our linear model. For healthy-patient, affected-unaffected leg, and severity grades classifications the accuracy of all models ranged around $$86.5\pm 2.5\%$$ , $$89.5\pm 1.5\%$$ , and $$40.5\pm 1.5\%$$ , respectively, with no significant differences ( $$p>0.16$$ ). HOI is highly correlated with KL grades ( $$r=0.76$$ ) and affected-unaffected leg of patients ( $$r=0.69$$ ). HOI differences ( $$p^*<0.002$$ ) were significant for (1) healthy and patients (pre-/post-surgery and affected/unaffected legs), (2) pre- and post-surgery of affected legs across severity grades, and (3) affected and unaffected legs, pre-surgery. Post-surgery, the gait pattern became more symmetric, with no significant HOI difference between affected and unaffected legs ( $$p=0.052$$ ). The affected legs’ HOI moves toward healthy individuals ( $$p^*<0.0001$$ ), indicating a more natural gait. The comparable results of the models, along with significant HOI differences between healthy and patients, pre- and post-surgery, and affected and unaffected legs, as well as the high correlation of HOI with KL grades, suggest HOI as an ideal candidate for hip osteoarthritis assessment. |
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| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |