Tattoo Ink Metal Nanoparticles: Assessment of Toxicity In Vitro and with a Novel Human Ex Vivo Model

Tattoo Ink Metal Nanoparticles: Assessment of Toxicity In Vitro and with a Novel Human Ex Vivo Model

Tattoo inks contain varying amounts of metal nanoparticles (NPs) < 100 nm that, due to their unique physicochemical properties, may have specific biological uptake and cause skin or systemic toxicities. The toxic effects of certified reference standards of metal NPs and samples of commercially av...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Beatrice Battistini, Daniela Lulli, Beatrice Bocca, Maria Luigia Carbone, Carmela Ramondino, Stefano Caimi, Alessio Capone, Ezio Maria Nicodemi, Elena Dellambra, Isabella De Angelis, Cristina Maria Failla
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
tattoo
metal
nanoparticle
toxicity
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/4/270
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