Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases
The causes of retinal hypoxia are many and varied. Under hypoxic conditions, a variety of soluble factors are secreted into the vitreous cavity including growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Cytokines, which usually serve as signals between neighboring cells, are involved in essentially every...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/935301 |
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| author | Roberto dell'Omo Francesco Semeraro Giulio Bamonte Francesco Cifariello Mario R. Romano Ciro Costagliola |
| author_facet | Roberto dell'Omo Francesco Semeraro Giulio Bamonte Francesco Cifariello Mario R. Romano Ciro Costagliola |
| author_sort | Roberto dell'Omo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The causes of retinal hypoxia are many and varied. Under hypoxic conditions, a variety of soluble factors are secreted into the vitreous cavity including growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Cytokines, which usually serve as signals between neighboring cells, are involved in essentially every important biological process, including cell proliferation, inflammation, immunity, migration, fibrosis, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. Cytokines and chemokines are multifunctional mediators that can direct the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, promote the process, enhance immune responses, and promote stem cell survival, development, and homeostasis. The modern particle-based flow cytometric analysis is more direct, stable and sensitive than the colorimetric readout of the conventional ELISA but, similar to ELISA, is influenced by vitreous hemorrhage, disruption of the blood-retina barrier, and high serum levels of a specific protein. Finding patterns in the expression of inflammatory cytokines specific to a particular disease can substantially contribute to the understanding of its basic mechanism and to the development of a targeted therapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4d77e30f8bba4ba4b9bdfc4c39458712 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-4d77e30f8bba4ba4b9bdfc4c394587122025-02-03T07:24:46ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612013-01-01201310.1155/2013/935301935301Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic DiseasesRoberto dell'Omo0Francesco Semeraro1Giulio Bamonte2Francesco Cifariello3Mario R. Romano4Ciro Costagliola5Dipartimento di Scienze per la Salute, Università del Molise, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, ItalyDipartimento di Oftalmologia, Università di Brescia, 25121 Brescia, ItalyHagaZiekenhuis, 2545 Den Haag, The NetherlandsDipartimento di Scienze per la Salute, Università del Molise, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze per la Salute, Università del Molise, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze per la Salute, Università del Molise, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, ItalyThe causes of retinal hypoxia are many and varied. Under hypoxic conditions, a variety of soluble factors are secreted into the vitreous cavity including growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Cytokines, which usually serve as signals between neighboring cells, are involved in essentially every important biological process, including cell proliferation, inflammation, immunity, migration, fibrosis, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. Cytokines and chemokines are multifunctional mediators that can direct the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, promote the process, enhance immune responses, and promote stem cell survival, development, and homeostasis. The modern particle-based flow cytometric analysis is more direct, stable and sensitive than the colorimetric readout of the conventional ELISA but, similar to ELISA, is influenced by vitreous hemorrhage, disruption of the blood-retina barrier, and high serum levels of a specific protein. Finding patterns in the expression of inflammatory cytokines specific to a particular disease can substantially contribute to the understanding of its basic mechanism and to the development of a targeted therapy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/935301 |
| spellingShingle | Roberto dell'Omo Francesco Semeraro Giulio Bamonte Francesco Cifariello Mario R. Romano Ciro Costagliola Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases |
| title_full | Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases |
| title_short | Vitreous Mediators in Retinal Hypoxic Diseases |
| title_sort | vitreous mediators in retinal hypoxic diseases |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/935301 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertodellomo vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases AT francescosemeraro vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases AT giuliobamonte vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases AT francescocifariello vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases AT mariorromano vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases AT cirocostagliola vitreousmediatorsinretinalhypoxicdiseases |