Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process
To select suitable reinforcement and lubricant for Cu matrix and thus improve the tribological performance, the stability of widely used reinforcements and lubricants, such as CrB2, TiB2, graphite (C) and MoS2, in the copper matrix during sintering process was studied. The content of each reinforcem...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| author | Chen Zhang Lei Jia Jia-mei Zhang Wu Pan Zhen-lin Lu Zhi-guo Xing |
| author_facet | Chen Zhang Lei Jia Jia-mei Zhang Wu Pan Zhen-lin Lu Zhi-guo Xing |
| author_sort | Chen Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To select suitable reinforcement and lubricant for Cu matrix and thus improve the tribological performance, the stability of widely used reinforcements and lubricants, such as CrB2, TiB2, graphite (C) and MoS2, in the copper matrix during sintering process was studied. The content of each reinforcement or lubricant was fixed at 10 wt%, and the powder mixture was sintered by a fast hot-pressed sintering machine at 950 °C under 40 MPa for 1 h under a vacuum atmosphere (<10 Pa). Then, microstructure and phase composition of the composites resulted from 10%CrB2–Cu, 10%TiB2–Cu, 10%MoS2–Cu, 10%C–Cu, 10%CrB2–10%C–Cu, 10%TiB2–10%C–Cu, 10%CrB2–10%MoS2–Cu and 10%TiB2–10%MoS2–Cu powder systems were investigated systematically, Subsequently, the potential decomposition and reaction behavior was discussed based thermodynamic analysis. Results show that single CrB2, TiB2 or C phase can exist stably in copper matrix, but MoS2 is prone to react with Cu to form Cu2S and Mo2S3. Both CrB2 and TiB2 can co-exist with C in the Cu matrix, but react with MoS2 to form Cu2S, Mo2S3 as well as ternary CuCrS2 and CuTi2S4 phase, since the negative Gibbs free energy change of the corresponding reaction equations. Finally, the strengthening effect of CrB2 and TiB2 along with the lubricating effect of graphite (C) are promise to work in Cu matrix from the viewpoint of crystal structure integrity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4d2b13476c164c2ca0465b03c3dbcf20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4d2b13476c164c2ca0465b03c3dbcf202025-01-19T06:25:54ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-01-013422252231Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering processChen Zhang0Lei Jia1Jia-mei Zhang2Wu Pan3Zhen-lin Lu4Zhi-guo Xing5School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; Corresponding author.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, ChinaNational Key Lab for Remanufacturing, Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing, 100072, ChinaTo select suitable reinforcement and lubricant for Cu matrix and thus improve the tribological performance, the stability of widely used reinforcements and lubricants, such as CrB2, TiB2, graphite (C) and MoS2, in the copper matrix during sintering process was studied. The content of each reinforcement or lubricant was fixed at 10 wt%, and the powder mixture was sintered by a fast hot-pressed sintering machine at 950 °C under 40 MPa for 1 h under a vacuum atmosphere (<10 Pa). Then, microstructure and phase composition of the composites resulted from 10%CrB2–Cu, 10%TiB2–Cu, 10%MoS2–Cu, 10%C–Cu, 10%CrB2–10%C–Cu, 10%TiB2–10%C–Cu, 10%CrB2–10%MoS2–Cu and 10%TiB2–10%MoS2–Cu powder systems were investigated systematically, Subsequently, the potential decomposition and reaction behavior was discussed based thermodynamic analysis. Results show that single CrB2, TiB2 or C phase can exist stably in copper matrix, but MoS2 is prone to react with Cu to form Cu2S and Mo2S3. Both CrB2 and TiB2 can co-exist with C in the Cu matrix, but react with MoS2 to form Cu2S, Mo2S3 as well as ternary CuCrS2 and CuTi2S4 phase, since the negative Gibbs free energy change of the corresponding reaction equations. Finally, the strengthening effect of CrB2 and TiB2 along with the lubricating effect of graphite (C) are promise to work in Cu matrix from the viewpoint of crystal structure integrity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424030357Cu matrix compositesReinforcements and self-lubricantsStructural stabilityPowder metallurgy method |
| spellingShingle | Chen Zhang Lei Jia Jia-mei Zhang Wu Pan Zhen-lin Lu Zhi-guo Xing Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process Journal of Materials Research and Technology Cu matrix composites Reinforcements and self-lubricants Structural stability Powder metallurgy method |
| title | Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process |
| title_full | Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process |
| title_fullStr | Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process |
| title_short | Stability of reinforcements (CrB2/TiB2) and lubricants (C/MoS2) in Cu matrix during the sintering process |
| title_sort | stability of reinforcements crb2 tib2 and lubricants c mos2 in cu matrix during the sintering process |
| topic | Cu matrix composites Reinforcements and self-lubricants Structural stability Powder metallurgy method |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424030357 |
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