Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank

Background: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, convalescent plasma (CP) emerged as a potentially effective treatment neutralising SARS-CoV-2. Early CP therapy with high neutralising antibody (NAb) titre may benefit COVID-19 outpatients and, in sufficient quantities even some hospitalised patients. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mikael Kajova, Tamim Khawaja, Iris Levonen, Jukka-Pekka Pietilä, Jenni Virtanen, Sari H. Pakkanen, Hanna Välimaa, Arttu Nousiainen, Jussi Hepojoki, Tarja Sironen, Antti Vierikko, Jarkko Ihalainen, Olli Vapalahti, Anu Kantele
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:New Microbes and New Infections
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297524003093
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850108475727675392
author Mikael Kajova
Tamim Khawaja
Iris Levonen
Jukka-Pekka Pietilä
Jenni Virtanen
Sari H. Pakkanen
Hanna Välimaa
Arttu Nousiainen
Jussi Hepojoki
Tarja Sironen
Antti Vierikko
Jarkko Ihalainen
Olli Vapalahti
Anu Kantele
author_facet Mikael Kajova
Tamim Khawaja
Iris Levonen
Jukka-Pekka Pietilä
Jenni Virtanen
Sari H. Pakkanen
Hanna Välimaa
Arttu Nousiainen
Jussi Hepojoki
Tarja Sironen
Antti Vierikko
Jarkko Ihalainen
Olli Vapalahti
Anu Kantele
author_sort Mikael Kajova
collection DOAJ
description Background: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, convalescent plasma (CP) emerged as a potentially effective treatment neutralising SARS-CoV-2. Early CP therapy with high neutralising antibody (NAb) titre may benefit COVID-19 outpatients and, in sufficient quantities even some hospitalised patients. This study details the process of setting up a CP bank, containing high- and low-titre CP for a clinical trial. Study design and methods: We identified 18–65-year-old convalescents with SARS-CoV-2 NAb titres of ≥1:40 in microneutralisation test (MNT). Following eligibility pre-screening, the Finnish Red Cross Blood Service (FRCBS) determined suitability as CP donors. Results: Of the 6466 COVID-19 convalescents contacted, 1481 provided serum, with 851 (57.5 %) exhibiting NAb titres ≥1:40. Participation barriers included reluctance, advanced age and, for women, insufficient body size. Of the volunteers, 125 were evaluated at FRCBS, with major exclusions for HLA antibodies (42 women), interferon antibodies (five men), and NAb titres waning below 1:20 (16 participants). Finally, 70 underwent plasmapheresis, resulting in 50 suitable CP donors (0.8 % of initial contacts and 3.4 % of those tested for NAb). Discussion: The process of setting up a CP bank proved challenging. Excessive laboratory workloads during a pandemic hamper their ability to conduct MNT, underscoring the need for rapid screening tests. Only a small proportion of our convalescents exhibited high-titre CP, this fraction declining over time because of waning immunity. Strict plasmapheresis criteria further constrained donor eligibility. Establishing a plasma bank requires meticulous planning to maximize efficiency. Detailed insights from current experiences may prove critical in future pandemics before other remedies and vaccines become available.
format Article
id doaj-art-4c832eee5dcf4fef9977fa7ccb6c94b1
institution OA Journals
issn 2052-2975
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series New Microbes and New Infections
spelling doaj-art-4c832eee5dcf4fef9977fa7ccb6c94b12025-08-20T02:38:21ZengElsevierNew Microbes and New Infections2052-29752024-12-016210152510.1016/j.nmni.2024.101525Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bankMikael Kajova0Tamim Khawaja1Iris Levonen2Jukka-Pekka Pietilä3Jenni Virtanen4Sari H. Pakkanen5Hanna Välimaa6Arttu Nousiainen7Jussi Hepojoki8Tarja Sironen9Antti Vierikko10Jarkko Ihalainen11Olli Vapalahti12Anu Kantele13Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; FIMAR, Finnish Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; FIMAR, Finnish Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; FIMAR, Finnish Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, FinlandFinnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; HUS Diagnostic Center, HUSLAB, Clinical Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandMeilahti Vaccine Research Center, MeVac, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; FIMAR, Finnish Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance Research, University of Helsinki, Finland; Corresponding author. Meilahti Vaccine Research Center MeVac, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum 1, 4th floor, POB 700, FI-00029 HUS, Finland.Background: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, convalescent plasma (CP) emerged as a potentially effective treatment neutralising SARS-CoV-2. Early CP therapy with high neutralising antibody (NAb) titre may benefit COVID-19 outpatients and, in sufficient quantities even some hospitalised patients. This study details the process of setting up a CP bank, containing high- and low-titre CP for a clinical trial. Study design and methods: We identified 18–65-year-old convalescents with SARS-CoV-2 NAb titres of ≥1:40 in microneutralisation test (MNT). Following eligibility pre-screening, the Finnish Red Cross Blood Service (FRCBS) determined suitability as CP donors. Results: Of the 6466 COVID-19 convalescents contacted, 1481 provided serum, with 851 (57.5 %) exhibiting NAb titres ≥1:40. Participation barriers included reluctance, advanced age and, for women, insufficient body size. Of the volunteers, 125 were evaluated at FRCBS, with major exclusions for HLA antibodies (42 women), interferon antibodies (five men), and NAb titres waning below 1:20 (16 participants). Finally, 70 underwent plasmapheresis, resulting in 50 suitable CP donors (0.8 % of initial contacts and 3.4 % of those tested for NAb). Discussion: The process of setting up a CP bank proved challenging. Excessive laboratory workloads during a pandemic hamper their ability to conduct MNT, underscoring the need for rapid screening tests. Only a small proportion of our convalescents exhibited high-titre CP, this fraction declining over time because of waning immunity. Strict plasmapheresis criteria further constrained donor eligibility. Establishing a plasma bank requires meticulous planning to maximize efficiency. Detailed insights from current experiences may prove critical in future pandemics before other remedies and vaccines become available.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297524003093COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Convalescent plasmaPlasma bankNeutralising antibodies
spellingShingle Mikael Kajova
Tamim Khawaja
Iris Levonen
Jukka-Pekka Pietilä
Jenni Virtanen
Sari H. Pakkanen
Hanna Välimaa
Arttu Nousiainen
Jussi Hepojoki
Tarja Sironen
Antti Vierikko
Jarkko Ihalainen
Olli Vapalahti
Anu Kantele
Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
New Microbes and New Infections
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Convalescent plasma
Plasma bank
Neutralising antibodies
title Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
title_full Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
title_fullStr Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
title_full_unstemmed Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
title_short Convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 – Donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
title_sort convalescent plasma therapy for covid 19 donor selection strategies and establishment of a plasma bank
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Convalescent plasma
Plasma bank
Neutralising antibodies
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297524003093
work_keys_str_mv AT mikaelkajova convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT tamimkhawaja convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT irislevonen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT jukkapekkapietila convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT jennivirtanen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT sarihpakkanen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT hannavalimaa convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT arttunousiainen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT jussihepojoki convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT tarjasironen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT anttivierikko convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT jarkkoihalainen convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT ollivapalahti convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank
AT anukantele convalescentplasmatherapyforcovid19donorselectionstrategiesandestablishmentofaplasmabank