Maine de Biran : métaphysique et psychologie
What can we expect from metaphysics? Defending metaphysics against its enemies and its enemies against themselves (Ideologists), according to Maine de Biran, requires a twofold struggle, capable of avoiding both the dangers of abstract metaphysics that only acknowledges a priori principles and refus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fra |
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École Normale Supérieure de Lyon
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Astérion |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.openedition.org/asterion/11034 |
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| Summary: | What can we expect from metaphysics? Defending metaphysics against its enemies and its enemies against themselves (Ideologists), according to Maine de Biran, requires a twofold struggle, capable of avoiding both the dangers of abstract metaphysics that only acknowledges a priori principles and refuses the title of science of principles to that which would be based on experience, and Condillac-inspired metaphysics, including Ideology, which acknowledges only one kind of experience, external experience. Biran builds a metaphysics of internal experience founded on the discovery of an order of internal facts, which constitutes the basis of the thinking and acting being. The generating principle of our faculties, i.e. of our actions, is a dual fact, a primitive internal relationship whose terms are distinct without being separate, namely the so-called “hyper-organic” force and the resistance of our own body, identified with our very existence. Biran thus puts an end to ontological discourses when it comes to separating essences of soul and body, and promotes new empiricism.Positive metaphysics is neither logic nor general grammar, nor physiology, but the science of the primitive facts of the inner sense, a barely-born inner experimental science, namely psychology, that is analytical and synthetic, rational and experimental. |
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| ISSN: | 1762-6110 |