Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative advance in automotive technology, promising increased safety and efficiency by reducing human error. However, integrating human factors remains a critical challenge, especially during takeover scenarios where the human driver must re-assume contro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10637755/ |
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| author | Joel Andrew Miller Soodeh Nikan Mohamed H. Zaki |
| author_facet | Joel Andrew Miller Soodeh Nikan Mohamed H. Zaki |
| author_sort | Joel Andrew Miller |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative advance in automotive technology, promising increased safety and efficiency by reducing human error. However, integrating human factors remains a critical challenge, especially during takeover scenarios where the human driver must re-assume control of the vehicle. This review paper focuses on the <italic>engineering and human-centred design of takeover requests (TORs) within Level 3 autonomous vehicles</italic>, emphasizing the importance of seamless transitions between automated driving and manual control. We explore the concept of the Operational Design Domain (ODD), which dictates the specific conditions under which an AV may safely operate, and contextualize its role. Through a comprehensive analysis, we highlight how monitoring both the internal and external environment, and improving human-machine interfaces through the design of takeover requests (TOR), play pivotal roles in ensuring that transitions are safe and efficient. We argue for the necessity of integrating detailed human factors and ergonomic considerations to foster a human-centred approach in AV design. We aim to establish a symbiotic relationship between human drivers and autonomous systems, ensuring that AVs not only function optimally within their designated ODD, but also maintain high safety standards during critical takeover moments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4afc2c1ba10c4d1ca6902a281dacf38a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2644-1330 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4afc2c1ba10c4d1ca6902a281dacf38a2025-01-30T00:04:05ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology2644-13302024-01-0151073108710.1109/OJVT.2024.344363010637755Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous VehiclesJoel Andrew Miller0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5678-6601Soodeh Nikan1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-1571Mohamed H. Zaki2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-2423Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, ON, CanadaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, London, ON, CanadaAutonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a transformative advance in automotive technology, promising increased safety and efficiency by reducing human error. However, integrating human factors remains a critical challenge, especially during takeover scenarios where the human driver must re-assume control of the vehicle. This review paper focuses on the <italic>engineering and human-centred design of takeover requests (TORs) within Level 3 autonomous vehicles</italic>, emphasizing the importance of seamless transitions between automated driving and manual control. We explore the concept of the Operational Design Domain (ODD), which dictates the specific conditions under which an AV may safely operate, and contextualize its role. Through a comprehensive analysis, we highlight how monitoring both the internal and external environment, and improving human-machine interfaces through the design of takeover requests (TOR), play pivotal roles in ensuring that transitions are safe and efficient. We argue for the necessity of integrating detailed human factors and ergonomic considerations to foster a human-centred approach in AV design. We aim to establish a symbiotic relationship between human drivers and autonomous systems, ensuring that AVs not only function optimally within their designated ODD, but also maintain high safety standards during critical takeover moments.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10637755/Autonomous vehicle takeover requestconditional autonomylevel 3 autonomous vehiclesoperational design domainrequest to intervenetakeover requests |
| spellingShingle | Joel Andrew Miller Soodeh Nikan Mohamed H. Zaki Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology Autonomous vehicle takeover request conditional autonomy level 3 autonomous vehicles operational design domain request to intervene takeover requests |
| title | Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles |
| title_full | Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles |
| title_short | Navigating the Handover: Reviewing Takeover Requests in Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles |
| title_sort | navigating the handover reviewing takeover requests in level 3 autonomous vehicles |
| topic | Autonomous vehicle takeover request conditional autonomy level 3 autonomous vehicles operational design domain request to intervene takeover requests |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10637755/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joelandrewmiller navigatingthehandoverreviewingtakeoverrequestsinlevel3autonomousvehicles AT soodehnikan navigatingthehandoverreviewingtakeoverrequestsinlevel3autonomousvehicles AT mohamedhzaki navigatingthehandoverreviewingtakeoverrequestsinlevel3autonomousvehicles |