Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that causes pain and reduces the quality of life for many people. It also leads to high health and financial costs. Managing knee OA pain requires using different methods together for the best results. This review overviews current therapeutic options f...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1523027/full |
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| author | Viktor Shtroblia Pavlo Petakh Iryna Kamyshna Iryna Halabitska Oleksandr Kamyshnyi |
| author_facet | Viktor Shtroblia Pavlo Petakh Iryna Kamyshna Iryna Halabitska Oleksandr Kamyshnyi |
| author_sort | Viktor Shtroblia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that causes pain and reduces the quality of life for many people. It also leads to high health and financial costs. Managing knee OA pain requires using different methods together for the best results. This review overviews current therapeutic options for knee OA pain, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and potential roles in clinical practice. Topical treatments, such as NSAIDs and capsaicin, offer significant pain relief with minimal systemic side effects and are suitable for initial therapy, together with nonpharmacologic interventions like exercise and, when relevant, weight loss. Oral analgesics, including acetaminophen and opioids, have limited efficacy and serious side effects, making them appropriate only for short-term or rescue therapy. Intra-articular injections, such as corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, and platelet rich plasma, demonstrate varying levels of efficacy and safety. Nutritional supplements, including curcumin, Boswellia serrata, and glucosaminechondroitin combinations, offer modest benefits and are best used as adjuncts to standart treatment. Nonpharmacological treatments, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), acupuncture, and local heat therapy, provide variable pain relief and should be customized based on individual patient responses. Targeted biologic agents, such as antibodies to TNF-α, IL-1, and NGF, hold promise for more precise pain relief; however, further research is required to establish their routine use. Treating knee OA pain should be personalized, combining several methods. Research must continue to improve treatments and make them safer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a520143112e47c8bb542e3c6daba823 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a520143112e47c8bb542e3c6daba8232025-01-21T08:37:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-01-011210.3389/fmed.2025.15230271523027Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative reviewViktor Shtroblia0Pavlo Petakh1Iryna Kamyshna2Iryna Halabitska3Oleksandr Kamyshnyi4Department of General Surgery, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, UkraineDepartment of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, UkraineDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, UkraineDepartment of Therapy and Family Medicine, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, UkraineDepartment of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, UkraineKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that causes pain and reduces the quality of life for many people. It also leads to high health and financial costs. Managing knee OA pain requires using different methods together for the best results. This review overviews current therapeutic options for knee OA pain, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and potential roles in clinical practice. Topical treatments, such as NSAIDs and capsaicin, offer significant pain relief with minimal systemic side effects and are suitable for initial therapy, together with nonpharmacologic interventions like exercise and, when relevant, weight loss. Oral analgesics, including acetaminophen and opioids, have limited efficacy and serious side effects, making them appropriate only for short-term or rescue therapy. Intra-articular injections, such as corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, and platelet rich plasma, demonstrate varying levels of efficacy and safety. Nutritional supplements, including curcumin, Boswellia serrata, and glucosaminechondroitin combinations, offer modest benefits and are best used as adjuncts to standart treatment. Nonpharmacological treatments, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), acupuncture, and local heat therapy, provide variable pain relief and should be customized based on individual patient responses. Targeted biologic agents, such as antibodies to TNF-α, IL-1, and NGF, hold promise for more precise pain relief; however, further research is required to establish their routine use. Treating knee OA pain should be personalized, combining several methods. Research must continue to improve treatments and make them safer.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1523027/fullosteoarthritisNSAIDsopioidscorticosteroidspaincytokines |
| spellingShingle | Viktor Shtroblia Pavlo Petakh Iryna Kamyshna Iryna Halabitska Oleksandr Kamyshnyi Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review Frontiers in Medicine osteoarthritis NSAIDs opioids corticosteroids pain cytokines |
| title | Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review |
| title_full | Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review |
| title_fullStr | Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review |
| title_short | Recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review |
| title_sort | recent advances in the management of knee osteoarthritis a narrative review |
| topic | osteoarthritis NSAIDs opioids corticosteroids pain cytokines |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1523027/full |
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