Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index
Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and airflow obstruction are recognized as critical early signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While these conditions arise from concurrent exposure to toxicants and essential nutrients, how vitamin D modifies the pulmonary tox...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324015720 |
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| author | Baihao Lin Wanlu Liu Hank-Han Wang Haixia Qian Xinyu Zhu Mengya Xu Yuyu Zheng Nada Alhazmi Yansen Bai |
| author_facet | Baihao Lin Wanlu Liu Hank-Han Wang Haixia Qian Xinyu Zhu Mengya Xu Yuyu Zheng Nada Alhazmi Yansen Bai |
| author_sort | Baihao Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and airflow obstruction are recognized as critical early signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While these conditions arise from concurrent exposure to toxicants and essential nutrients, how vitamin D modifies the pulmonary toxicity induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the metabolic mechanisms involved is still unclear. Methods: Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012, data on urinary PAH metabolites (ΣOH-PAHs), serum vitamin D metabolite levels [Σ25(OH)D], and pulmonary function tests [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC] from 2189 participants, including 369 subjects with early lung dysfunction, defined as PRISm or airflow obstruction. Multiple metabolic disorder indicators were calculated using biochemical markers. The interaction effects between vitamin D and PAHs were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Causal mediation analyses and structural equation modeling were employed to investigate the mediating roles of metabolic indicators. Results: PAHs and vitamin D had opposite effects on lung function parameters [FEV1: β (95 CIs) = -0.01 (-0.02, −0.01) vs. 0.01 (0.01, 0.04); FVC: β (95 CIs) = -0.01 (-0.02, 0.01) vs. 0.04 (0.01, 0.06)] and risk of early lung dysfunction [OR (95 CIs) = 1.22 (1.06, 1.40) vs. 0.52 (0.37, 0.73)]. Decreased associations of ΣOH-PAHs with FEV1, FVC, and early lung dysfunction, as well as with metabolic score-visceral adiposity index (MSV) were visualized with increased Σ25(OH)D among subjects with body mass index (BMI) < 28 kg/m2. Furthermore, 2.18 %, 18.20 %, 5.70 %, and 4.70 % of the associations of co-exposure to ΣOH-PAHs and Σ25(OH)D with FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and early lung dysfunction disease were mediated by MSV. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that vitamin D antagonizes the hazardous effects of PAHs on early lung dysfunction by metabolic alteration, providing new insight into the identification of the underlying high-risk populations and accessible prevention and intervention measures for attenuating PAH-induced lung dysfunction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a0669c384e74ca6a7c7fe3f28bec550 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a0669c384e74ca6a7c7fe3f28bec5502025-01-23T05:25:47ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-01-01289117496Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity indexBaihao Lin0Wanlu Liu1Hank-Han Wang2Haixia Qian3Xinyu Zhu4Mengya Xu5Yuyu Zheng6Nada Alhazmi7Yansen Bai8School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartments of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USAWuchang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou, China; Correspondence to: Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China.Background: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and airflow obstruction are recognized as critical early signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While these conditions arise from concurrent exposure to toxicants and essential nutrients, how vitamin D modifies the pulmonary toxicity induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the metabolic mechanisms involved is still unclear. Methods: Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012, data on urinary PAH metabolites (ΣOH-PAHs), serum vitamin D metabolite levels [Σ25(OH)D], and pulmonary function tests [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC] from 2189 participants, including 369 subjects with early lung dysfunction, defined as PRISm or airflow obstruction. Multiple metabolic disorder indicators were calculated using biochemical markers. The interaction effects between vitamin D and PAHs were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Causal mediation analyses and structural equation modeling were employed to investigate the mediating roles of metabolic indicators. Results: PAHs and vitamin D had opposite effects on lung function parameters [FEV1: β (95 CIs) = -0.01 (-0.02, −0.01) vs. 0.01 (0.01, 0.04); FVC: β (95 CIs) = -0.01 (-0.02, 0.01) vs. 0.04 (0.01, 0.06)] and risk of early lung dysfunction [OR (95 CIs) = 1.22 (1.06, 1.40) vs. 0.52 (0.37, 0.73)]. Decreased associations of ΣOH-PAHs with FEV1, FVC, and early lung dysfunction, as well as with metabolic score-visceral adiposity index (MSV) were visualized with increased Σ25(OH)D among subjects with body mass index (BMI) < 28 kg/m2. Furthermore, 2.18 %, 18.20 %, 5.70 %, and 4.70 % of the associations of co-exposure to ΣOH-PAHs and Σ25(OH)D with FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and early lung dysfunction disease were mediated by MSV. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that vitamin D antagonizes the hazardous effects of PAHs on early lung dysfunction by metabolic alteration, providing new insight into the identification of the underlying high-risk populations and accessible prevention and intervention measures for attenuating PAH-induced lung dysfunction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324015720Early lung dysfunctionPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsVitamin DMetabolic indicatorsEffect modification |
| spellingShingle | Baihao Lin Wanlu Liu Hank-Han Wang Haixia Qian Xinyu Zhu Mengya Xu Yuyu Zheng Nada Alhazmi Yansen Bai Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Early lung dysfunction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Vitamin D Metabolic indicators Effect modification |
| title | Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index |
| title_full | Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index |
| title_fullStr | Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index |
| title_short | Associations of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin D with early lung dysfunction: Mediating roles of metabolic score-visceral adiposity index |
| title_sort | associations of co exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin d with early lung dysfunction mediating roles of metabolic score visceral adiposity index |
| topic | Early lung dysfunction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Vitamin D Metabolic indicators Effect modification |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324015720 |
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