Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that destroys substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, causing tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Current treatment approaches primarily focus on symptom management, employing pharmacological, non-pharmacological, a...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1535682/full |
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| author | Virendra Kumar Yadav Seshathiri Dhanasekaran Nisha Choudhary Deepak Nathiya Vishal Thakur Rachna Gupta Sheersha Pramanik Pankaj Kumar Nishant Gupta Ashish Patel |
| author_facet | Virendra Kumar Yadav Seshathiri Dhanasekaran Nisha Choudhary Deepak Nathiya Vishal Thakur Rachna Gupta Sheersha Pramanik Pankaj Kumar Nishant Gupta Ashish Patel |
| author_sort | Virendra Kumar Yadav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that destroys substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, causing tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Current treatment approaches primarily focus on symptom management, employing pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and surgical methods. However, these treatments often result in fluctuating symptoms, side effects, and disease progression. Here, the authors have reviewed the emerging field of nanomedicine as a promising path for Parkinson’s disease treatment, emphasizing its potential to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, leveraging their small size and high surface area to volume ratio to cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver therapeutic agents directly to affected brain regions. Various nanoparticles, including lipid-based, polymeric, metallic, and carbon-based, have shown potential in Parkinson’s disease treatment. Additionally, nanocarrier systems like liposomes, nanogels, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles offer controlled and sustained release of therapeutic agents, enhancing their bioavailability and reducing side effects. This review provides insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, highlighting the mechanisms of neurodegeneration, the role of alpha-synuclein, and the disruption of dopaminergic pathways. It further discusses the application of gene therapy in conjunction with nanomedicine for targeted therapeutic interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-49f9eb7f1e7f4db5ae38f10b15a70093 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-49f9eb7f1e7f4db5ae38f10b15a700932025-01-22T07:11:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-01-011210.3389/fmed.2025.15356821535682Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectivesVirendra Kumar Yadav0Seshathiri Dhanasekaran1Nisha Choudhary2Deepak Nathiya3Vishal Thakur4Rachna Gupta5Sheersha Pramanik6Pankaj Kumar7Nishant Gupta8Ashish Patel9Faculty of Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwayDepartment of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, IndiaCentre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, IndiaDepartment of Engineering and Medical Devices, River Engineering Pvt. Ltd., Greater Noida, India0Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, IndiaParkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that destroys substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, causing tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Current treatment approaches primarily focus on symptom management, employing pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and surgical methods. However, these treatments often result in fluctuating symptoms, side effects, and disease progression. Here, the authors have reviewed the emerging field of nanomedicine as a promising path for Parkinson’s disease treatment, emphasizing its potential to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, leveraging their small size and high surface area to volume ratio to cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver therapeutic agents directly to affected brain regions. Various nanoparticles, including lipid-based, polymeric, metallic, and carbon-based, have shown potential in Parkinson’s disease treatment. Additionally, nanocarrier systems like liposomes, nanogels, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles offer controlled and sustained release of therapeutic agents, enhancing their bioavailability and reducing side effects. This review provides insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, highlighting the mechanisms of neurodegeneration, the role of alpha-synuclein, and the disruption of dopaminergic pathways. It further discusses the application of gene therapy in conjunction with nanomedicine for targeted therapeutic interventions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1535682/fullCRISPR/Cas9dopaminergic pathwaysgallium nanoparticlesneurodegenerativeneurogliaParkinson’s |
| spellingShingle | Virendra Kumar Yadav Seshathiri Dhanasekaran Nisha Choudhary Deepak Nathiya Vishal Thakur Rachna Gupta Sheersha Pramanik Pankaj Kumar Nishant Gupta Ashish Patel Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives Frontiers in Medicine CRISPR/Cas9 dopaminergic pathways gallium nanoparticles neurodegenerative neuroglia Parkinson’s |
| title | Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives |
| title_full | Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives |
| title_short | Recent advances in nanotechnology for Parkinson’s disease: diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives |
| title_sort | recent advances in nanotechnology for parkinson s disease diagnosis treatment and future perspectives |
| topic | CRISPR/Cas9 dopaminergic pathways gallium nanoparticles neurodegenerative neuroglia Parkinson’s |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1535682/full |
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