Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications
Abstract Background Tooth extraction, a common dental procedure, is often accompanied by pain, trismus, and swelling due to alveolitis caused by oral bacteria. Doxycycline is prescribed to alleviate infection and improve socket healing, but its immediate absorption in the bloodstream makes the treat...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05568-4 |
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| author | Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla Chandra Sri Durga Vikas Sahu Neema Kumari Jayachandran Venkatesan Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan Pratibha Ramani Kiran Kumar Bokara Karthikeyan Ramalingam |
| author_facet | Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla Chandra Sri Durga Vikas Sahu Neema Kumari Jayachandran Venkatesan Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan Pratibha Ramani Kiran Kumar Bokara Karthikeyan Ramalingam |
| author_sort | Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tooth extraction, a common dental procedure, is often accompanied by pain, trismus, and swelling due to alveolitis caused by oral bacteria. Doxycycline is prescribed to alleviate infection and improve socket healing, but its immediate absorption in the bloodstream makes the treatment less effective at oral sites. This emphasizes the importance of a drug delivery system to gradually slow its release at the oral wound site and increase its bioavailability to make the treatment effective over time. Methods Silk fibroin (SF) - doxycycline hyclate (DH) hydrogel was developed and subsequently characterized for gelation kinetics, swelling, stress-strain analysis, morphology using scanning electron microscopy, interaction between SF and DH using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, drug release profile, antibacterial efficacy, and biocompatibility studies. Results The results indicated that the SF-DH hydrogel maintained its structural integrity, tolerated stress and strain, and featured interconnected pores, confirming DH integration within the SF matrix. The SF-DH hydrogel formed within 8 h with the pore size range of 20–150 μm and 90.72 kPa Young’s modulus. The drug release profile showed the increased release of DH up to 2 h, followed by sustained release till 8 h. The zone of inhibition was smaller with SF-DH hydrogels compared with DH for both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells showed 90% viability with SF-DH hydrogel. Conclusions The findings suggest that SF-DH hydrogel showed sufficient mechanical strength, pore size, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility. Further in vivo and clinical tests are required to prove its efficacy in effective socket healing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4972ad0ae8f14901b8d40c4b327a51af |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-4972ad0ae8f14901b8d40c4b327a51af2025-02-02T12:45:16ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-02-0125111010.1186/s12903-025-05568-4Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applicationsKranti Kiran Reddy Ealla0Chandra Sri Durga1Vikas Sahu2Neema Kumari3Jayachandran Venkatesan4Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan5Pratibha Ramani6Kiran Kumar Bokara7Karthikeyan Ramalingam8Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha UniversityAtal Incubation Centre, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Aasya Health Care Pvt. LtdDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Malla Reddy VishwavidyapeethDepartment of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical SciencesSchool of Dental Sciences and Technology, Department of Biomaterials and Transplant SciencesCentre for Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (CoMManD), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha UniversityDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha UniversityCSIR-Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Annexe-II, Medical Biotechnology ComplexDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Malla Reddy VishwavidyapeethAbstract Background Tooth extraction, a common dental procedure, is often accompanied by pain, trismus, and swelling due to alveolitis caused by oral bacteria. Doxycycline is prescribed to alleviate infection and improve socket healing, but its immediate absorption in the bloodstream makes the treatment less effective at oral sites. This emphasizes the importance of a drug delivery system to gradually slow its release at the oral wound site and increase its bioavailability to make the treatment effective over time. Methods Silk fibroin (SF) - doxycycline hyclate (DH) hydrogel was developed and subsequently characterized for gelation kinetics, swelling, stress-strain analysis, morphology using scanning electron microscopy, interaction between SF and DH using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, drug release profile, antibacterial efficacy, and biocompatibility studies. Results The results indicated that the SF-DH hydrogel maintained its structural integrity, tolerated stress and strain, and featured interconnected pores, confirming DH integration within the SF matrix. The SF-DH hydrogel formed within 8 h with the pore size range of 20–150 μm and 90.72 kPa Young’s modulus. The drug release profile showed the increased release of DH up to 2 h, followed by sustained release till 8 h. The zone of inhibition was smaller with SF-DH hydrogels compared with DH for both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells showed 90% viability with SF-DH hydrogel. Conclusions The findings suggest that SF-DH hydrogel showed sufficient mechanical strength, pore size, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility. Further in vivo and clinical tests are required to prove its efficacy in effective socket healing.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05568-4AntimicrobialsBiocompatibleControlled drug deliveryDoxycyclineHydrogelSilk fibroin |
| spellingShingle | Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla Chandra Sri Durga Vikas Sahu Neema Kumari Jayachandran Venkatesan Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan Pratibha Ramani Kiran Kumar Bokara Karthikeyan Ramalingam Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications BMC Oral Health Antimicrobials Biocompatible Controlled drug delivery Doxycycline Hydrogel Silk fibroin |
| title | Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| title_full | Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| title_fullStr | Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| title_short | Doxycycline-integrated silk fibroin hydrogel: preparation, characterizations, and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| title_sort | doxycycline integrated silk fibroin hydrogel preparation characterizations and antimicrobial assessment for biomedical applications |
| topic | Antimicrobials Biocompatible Controlled drug delivery Doxycycline Hydrogel Silk fibroin |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05568-4 |
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