Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES
Abstract Background There is a known association between liver disease and retinopathy. However, the relationship between non-invasive fibrosis scores and retinal image changes remains unknown. The research sought to explore the link between Fibrosis-4 score (FIB‐4) and Fibrosis‐8 score (FIB-8) and...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00805-6 |
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| author | Chuan-Xi Wang Jing-Jing Hou Si-Yu Lin Jiang-Hui Wang Jing-Jing Ding Chang Liu Zheng-Xuan Jiang Ning Bao |
| author_facet | Chuan-Xi Wang Jing-Jing Hou Si-Yu Lin Jiang-Hui Wang Jing-Jing Ding Chang Liu Zheng-Xuan Jiang Ning Bao |
| author_sort | Chuan-Xi Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background There is a known association between liver disease and retinopathy. However, the relationship between non-invasive fibrosis scores and retinal image changes remains unknown. The research sought to explore the link between Fibrosis-4 score (FIB‐4) and Fibrosis‐8 score (FIB-8) and retinal image changes. Methods This cross-sectional study included participants with complete information on FIB-4/FIB-8, retinal images and covariates from two cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2005–2008. We converted FIB-4 to the categorical variable according to its correlation with liver fibrosis staging (< 1.3, 1.3–2.67, ≥ 2.67; <1.45, 1.45–3.25, > 3.25). Weighted multifactorial logistic regression was used to assess the association between FIB-4、 FIB-8 and retinal image changes, and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) and smoothed curve fitting were used to examine the dose-response relationship between FIB-4, FIB-8 and retinal image changes. Results The cross-sectional study included a total of 3399 participants (1715 men; 1684 women) with a mean age of 62.27 (9.49) years. Following comprehensive adjustments, a positive correlation was identified between FIB-4, FIB-8, and retinal image changes. When FIB-4 was converted to a categorical variable, there was a 62% increased risk of retinal image changes in higher FIB-4 group compared to the control group [OR:1.62,95% CI (1.01,2.59)]. Additionally, the relationship between FIB-4 and retinal image changes was found to be non-linear, while the association between FIB-8 and retinal image changes presented a linear pattern. Subgroup analyses and interactions showed that there was a significant interaction between economic situation and educational level and FIB-4, whereas there was no interaction between the variables of interest and FIB-8. Conclusion Among individuals aged fifty years and older, FIB-4 and FIB-8 are linked to a higher risk of retinal image changes, particularly among those with advanced liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that patients with severe fibrosis should also be monitored for retinal health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4831c3de27684a8e8fe4286af8b933fd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2072-1315 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-4831c3de27684a8e8fe4286af8b933fd2025-08-20T02:01:30ZengBMCJournal of Health, Population and Nutrition2072-13152025-02-014411910.1186/s41043-025-00805-6Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANESChuan-Xi Wang0Jing-Jing Hou1Si-Yu Lin2Jiang-Hui Wang3Jing-Jing Ding4Chang Liu5Zheng-Xuan Jiang6Ning Bao7Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAbstract Background There is a known association between liver disease and retinopathy. However, the relationship between non-invasive fibrosis scores and retinal image changes remains unknown. The research sought to explore the link between Fibrosis-4 score (FIB‐4) and Fibrosis‐8 score (FIB-8) and retinal image changes. Methods This cross-sectional study included participants with complete information on FIB-4/FIB-8, retinal images and covariates from two cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2005–2008. We converted FIB-4 to the categorical variable according to its correlation with liver fibrosis staging (< 1.3, 1.3–2.67, ≥ 2.67; <1.45, 1.45–3.25, > 3.25). Weighted multifactorial logistic regression was used to assess the association between FIB-4、 FIB-8 and retinal image changes, and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) and smoothed curve fitting were used to examine the dose-response relationship between FIB-4, FIB-8 and retinal image changes. Results The cross-sectional study included a total of 3399 participants (1715 men; 1684 women) with a mean age of 62.27 (9.49) years. Following comprehensive adjustments, a positive correlation was identified between FIB-4, FIB-8, and retinal image changes. When FIB-4 was converted to a categorical variable, there was a 62% increased risk of retinal image changes in higher FIB-4 group compared to the control group [OR:1.62,95% CI (1.01,2.59)]. Additionally, the relationship between FIB-4 and retinal image changes was found to be non-linear, while the association between FIB-8 and retinal image changes presented a linear pattern. Subgroup analyses and interactions showed that there was a significant interaction between economic situation and educational level and FIB-4, whereas there was no interaction between the variables of interest and FIB-8. Conclusion Among individuals aged fifty years and older, FIB-4 and FIB-8 are linked to a higher risk of retinal image changes, particularly among those with advanced liver fibrosis. Our findings suggest that patients with severe fibrosis should also be monitored for retinal health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00805-6Liver fibrosisFibrosis 4 scoreFibrosis 8 scoreRetinopathyCross-sectional study |
| spellingShingle | Chuan-Xi Wang Jing-Jing Hou Si-Yu Lin Jiang-Hui Wang Jing-Jing Ding Chang Liu Zheng-Xuan Jiang Ning Bao Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Liver fibrosis Fibrosis 4 score Fibrosis 8 score Retinopathy Cross-sectional study |
| title | Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES |
| title_full | Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES |
| title_fullStr | Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES |
| title_short | Association between liver fibrosis’s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES |
| title_sort | association between liver fibrosis s noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes insights from nhanes |
| topic | Liver fibrosis Fibrosis 4 score Fibrosis 8 score Retinopathy Cross-sectional study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00805-6 |
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