PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels
Virtual reality (VR)/the metaverse is transforming into a ubiquitous technology by leveraging smart devices to provide highly immersive experiences at an affordable price. Cryptographically securing such augmented reality schemes is of paramount importance. Securely transferring the same secret key,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Cryptography |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/9/2/29 |
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| author | Anastasios N. Bikos |
| author_facet | Anastasios N. Bikos |
| author_sort | Anastasios N. Bikos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Virtual reality (VR)/the metaverse is transforming into a ubiquitous technology by leveraging smart devices to provide highly immersive experiences at an affordable price. Cryptographically securing such augmented reality schemes is of paramount importance. Securely transferring the same secret key, i.e., <i>obfuscated,</i> between several parties is the main issue with symmetric cryptography, the workhorse of modern cryptography, because of its ease of use and quick speed. Typically, asymmetric cryptography establishes a shared secret between parties, after which the switch to symmetric encryption can be made. However, several SoTA (State-of-The-Art) security research schemes lack flexibility and scalability for industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT)-sized applications. In this paper, we present the full architecture of the PRIVocular framework. PRIVocular (i.e., PRIV(acy)-ocular) is a VR-ready hardware–software integrated system that is capable of visually transmitting user data over three versatile modes of encapsulation, encrypted—without loss of generality—using an asymmetric-key cryptosystem. These operation modes can be optical character-based or QR-tag-based. Encryption and decryption primarily depend on each mode’s success ratio of correct encoding and decoding. We investigate the most efficient means of ocular (encrypted) data transfer by considering several designs and contributing to each framework component. Our pre-prototyped framework can provide such privacy preservation (namely <i>virtual proof of privacy (VPP)</i>) and visually secure data transfer promptly (<1000 ms), as well as the physical distance of the smart glasses (∼50 cm). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-47f01eccdfc8466e98d3c1caea011c96 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2410-387X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cryptography |
| spelling | doaj-art-47f01eccdfc8466e98d3c1caea011c962025-08-20T03:27:21ZengMDPI AGCryptography2410-387X2025-05-01922910.3390/cryptography9020029PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication ChannelsAnastasios N. Bikos0Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceVirtual reality (VR)/the metaverse is transforming into a ubiquitous technology by leveraging smart devices to provide highly immersive experiences at an affordable price. Cryptographically securing such augmented reality schemes is of paramount importance. Securely transferring the same secret key, i.e., <i>obfuscated,</i> between several parties is the main issue with symmetric cryptography, the workhorse of modern cryptography, because of its ease of use and quick speed. Typically, asymmetric cryptography establishes a shared secret between parties, after which the switch to symmetric encryption can be made. However, several SoTA (State-of-The-Art) security research schemes lack flexibility and scalability for industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT)-sized applications. In this paper, we present the full architecture of the PRIVocular framework. PRIVocular (i.e., PRIV(acy)-ocular) is a VR-ready hardware–software integrated system that is capable of visually transmitting user data over three versatile modes of encapsulation, encrypted—without loss of generality—using an asymmetric-key cryptosystem. These operation modes can be optical character-based or QR-tag-based. Encryption and decryption primarily depend on each mode’s success ratio of correct encoding and decoding. We investigate the most efficient means of ocular (encrypted) data transfer by considering several designs and contributing to each framework component. Our pre-prototyped framework can provide such privacy preservation (namely <i>virtual proof of privacy (VPP)</i>) and visually secure data transfer promptly (<1000 ms), as well as the physical distance of the smart glasses (∼50 cm).https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/9/2/29metaverse securityOCRprivacyprivacy preservationQRsecure visual key exchange |
| spellingShingle | Anastasios N. Bikos PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels Cryptography metaverse security OCR privacy privacy preservation QR secure visual key exchange |
| title | PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels |
| title_full | PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels |
| title_fullStr | PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels |
| title_full_unstemmed | PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels |
| title_short | PRIVocular: Enhancing User Privacy Through Air-Gapped Communication Channels |
| title_sort | privocular enhancing user privacy through air gapped communication channels |
| topic | metaverse security OCR privacy privacy preservation QR secure visual key exchange |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/9/2/29 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anastasiosnbikos privocularenhancinguserprivacythroughairgappedcommunicationchannels |