Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study
Abstract Background Under-5 children have been known to bear a significant burden of malaria in endemic countries. Though significant progress has been made towards malaria prevention and control in Nigeria, it is expected that the addition of new malaria prevention strategy, such as perennial malar...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-05238-w |
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| author | Olusola Ajibaye Semiu Adebayo Rahman Oluwagbemiga Olanrewaju Aina Chinazo Ujuju Chimere Obiora Agomo Samuel Akindele Olakiigbe Abiodun Tolulope Victoria Uzoka Nnenna Ogbulafor Olufemi Oroge Rufai-Ahmed Garba Michael Ekholuenetale Kolawole Maxwell Ridwan Akorede Awosanya Mary Abosede Adekola Benjamin Bukky Ilesanmi Adekemi Ajayi Olusola Oresanya James K. Tibenderana Adeola Yetunde Olukosi |
| author_facet | Olusola Ajibaye Semiu Adebayo Rahman Oluwagbemiga Olanrewaju Aina Chinazo Ujuju Chimere Obiora Agomo Samuel Akindele Olakiigbe Abiodun Tolulope Victoria Uzoka Nnenna Ogbulafor Olufemi Oroge Rufai-Ahmed Garba Michael Ekholuenetale Kolawole Maxwell Ridwan Akorede Awosanya Mary Abosede Adekola Benjamin Bukky Ilesanmi Adekemi Ajayi Olusola Oresanya James K. Tibenderana Adeola Yetunde Olukosi |
| author_sort | Olusola Ajibaye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Under-5 children have been known to bear a significant burden of malaria in endemic countries. Though significant progress has been made towards malaria prevention and control in Nigeria, it is expected that the addition of new malaria prevention strategy, such as perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC) can contribute to a more rapid decline in malaria cases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malaria and anaemia among children aged 2–18 months in Osun State. Methods A cross-sectional household malariometric study was conducted in 80 communities across eight Local Government areas (LGAs) in Osun State. Ethical approval was obtained from Osun State Health Research Ethical Committee (OSHREC/PRS/569T312/ on the 22nd of May 2023. Malaria test positivity was determined by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopy. In addition, haemoglobin levels were measured using Haemocue® Hb 201. Caregivers were interviewed on malaria management practices using tools adapted from Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey. Results A total of four hundred children aged 2–18 months were assessed in this study, which was conducted in July 2023. The caregivers were mostly the biological mothers of the children (n = 387, 96.8%). Female children were 51.8% and their male counterparts 48.2% respectively. Malaria positivity rate by RDT was 36.8% and this was higher in children aged 13–18 months (48.0%) and followed by those aged 7–12 months (44.0%). By microscopy, the positivity rate was 12.5% overall, with 15.0% positivity rate among children aged 7–12 months, about 13.5% among those 13–18 months and those aged 2–6 months had the least positivity rate whether by microscopy (8.5%) or RDT (18.5%). Overall, the prevalence of severe anaemia was 4.0%, moderate was 37.3%, mild was 18.3% and the normal was 40.4% respectively. However, higher proportion of moderate anaemia (7.0–9.9 haemoglobin (g/dL)) was reported in older children. Children from medium wealth households (aOR = 0.549; 95% CI 0.306–0.986) and those from rich households (aOR = 0.543; 95% CI 0.283–1.042) had 45.0% reduction in the odds of having malaria, when compared with their counterparts from poor households. In addition, children aged 7–12 months (aOR = 2.856; 95% CI 1.524–5.354) and those aged 13–18 months (aOR = 4.269; 95% CI 2.422–7.526) had higher odds of malaria infection, respectively, when compared with children aged 2–6 months. Conclusion Malaria infection and anaemia were found to be higher in older children. Household wealth and child’s age were significantly associated with malaria infection. These findings would inform the positioning of PMC intervention touch-points to reduce malaria burden in young children. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4793dca1d66f49d9b35028109d9adad3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-4793dca1d66f49d9b35028109d9adad32025-01-19T12:11:05ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752025-01-0124111210.1186/s12936-024-05238-wPrevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric studyOlusola Ajibaye0Semiu Adebayo Rahman1Oluwagbemiga Olanrewaju Aina2Chinazo Ujuju3Chimere Obiora Agomo4Samuel Akindele5Olakiigbe Abiodun6Tolulope Victoria Uzoka7Nnenna Ogbulafor8Olufemi Oroge9Rufai-Ahmed Garba10Michael Ekholuenetale11Kolawole Maxwell12Ridwan Akorede Awosanya13Mary Abosede Adekola14Benjamin Bukky Ilesanmi15Adekemi Ajayi16Olusola Oresanya17James K. Tibenderana18Adeola Yetunde Olukosi19Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Malaria ConsortiumNigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Malaria ConsortiumDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, University of LagosNigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP)Osun State Ministry of HealthNational Emergency Routine Immunization Coordination Centre (NERRIC), National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA)Malaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria ConsortiumMalaria Consortium Headquarters, The Green HouseNigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Abstract Background Under-5 children have been known to bear a significant burden of malaria in endemic countries. Though significant progress has been made towards malaria prevention and control in Nigeria, it is expected that the addition of new malaria prevention strategy, such as perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC) can contribute to a more rapid decline in malaria cases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malaria and anaemia among children aged 2–18 months in Osun State. Methods A cross-sectional household malariometric study was conducted in 80 communities across eight Local Government areas (LGAs) in Osun State. Ethical approval was obtained from Osun State Health Research Ethical Committee (OSHREC/PRS/569T312/ on the 22nd of May 2023. Malaria test positivity was determined by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopy. In addition, haemoglobin levels were measured using Haemocue® Hb 201. Caregivers were interviewed on malaria management practices using tools adapted from Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey. Results A total of four hundred children aged 2–18 months were assessed in this study, which was conducted in July 2023. The caregivers were mostly the biological mothers of the children (n = 387, 96.8%). Female children were 51.8% and their male counterparts 48.2% respectively. Malaria positivity rate by RDT was 36.8% and this was higher in children aged 13–18 months (48.0%) and followed by those aged 7–12 months (44.0%). By microscopy, the positivity rate was 12.5% overall, with 15.0% positivity rate among children aged 7–12 months, about 13.5% among those 13–18 months and those aged 2–6 months had the least positivity rate whether by microscopy (8.5%) or RDT (18.5%). Overall, the prevalence of severe anaemia was 4.0%, moderate was 37.3%, mild was 18.3% and the normal was 40.4% respectively. However, higher proportion of moderate anaemia (7.0–9.9 haemoglobin (g/dL)) was reported in older children. Children from medium wealth households (aOR = 0.549; 95% CI 0.306–0.986) and those from rich households (aOR = 0.543; 95% CI 0.283–1.042) had 45.0% reduction in the odds of having malaria, when compared with their counterparts from poor households. In addition, children aged 7–12 months (aOR = 2.856; 95% CI 1.524–5.354) and those aged 13–18 months (aOR = 4.269; 95% CI 2.422–7.526) had higher odds of malaria infection, respectively, when compared with children aged 2–6 months. Conclusion Malaria infection and anaemia were found to be higher in older children. Household wealth and child’s age were significantly associated with malaria infection. These findings would inform the positioning of PMC intervention touch-points to reduce malaria burden in young children.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-05238-wMalariometricPrevalenceMalariaChildrenAnaemiaPMC |
| spellingShingle | Olusola Ajibaye Semiu Adebayo Rahman Oluwagbemiga Olanrewaju Aina Chinazo Ujuju Chimere Obiora Agomo Samuel Akindele Olakiigbe Abiodun Tolulope Victoria Uzoka Nnenna Ogbulafor Olufemi Oroge Rufai-Ahmed Garba Michael Ekholuenetale Kolawole Maxwell Ridwan Akorede Awosanya Mary Abosede Adekola Benjamin Bukky Ilesanmi Adekemi Ajayi Olusola Oresanya James K. Tibenderana Adeola Yetunde Olukosi Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study Malaria Journal Malariometric Prevalence Malaria Children Anaemia PMC |
| title | Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study |
| title_full | Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study |
| title_short | Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study |
| title_sort | prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in osun state nigeria a baseline household malariometric study |
| topic | Malariometric Prevalence Malaria Children Anaemia PMC |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-024-05238-w |
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