The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst
The oocyte requires a vast supply of energy after fertilization to support critical events such as spindle formation, chromatid separation, and cell division. Until blastocyst implantation, the developing zygote is dependent on the existing pool of mitochondria. That pool size within each cell decre...
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/183024 |
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| author | Scott Chappel |
| author_facet | Scott Chappel |
| author_sort | Scott Chappel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The oocyte requires a vast supply of energy after fertilization to support critical events such as spindle formation, chromatid separation, and cell division. Until blastocyst implantation, the developing zygote is dependent on the existing pool of mitochondria. That pool size within each cell decreases with each cell division. Mitochondria obtained from oocytes of women of advanced reproductive age harbor DNA deletions and nucleotide variations that impair function. The combination of lower number and increased frequency of mutations and deletions may result in inadequate mitochondrial activity necessary for continued embryo development and cause pregnancy failure. Previous reports suggested that mitochondrial activity within oocytes may be supplemented by donor cytoplasmic transfer at the time of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Those reports showed success; however, safety concerns arose due to the potential of two distinct populations of mitochondrial genomes in the offspring. Mitochondrial augmentation of oocytes is now reconsidered in light of our current understanding of mitochondrial function and the publication of a number of animal studies. With a better understanding of the role of this organelle in oocytes immediately after fertilization, blastocyst and offspring, mitochondrial augmentation may be reconsidered as a method to improve oocyte quality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4778d4bc33e4405798184c80b77a5c3b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9589 1687-9597 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| spelling | doaj-art-4778d4bc33e4405798184c80b77a5c3b2025-02-03T01:22:23ZengWileyObstetrics and Gynecology International1687-95891687-95972013-01-01201310.1155/2013/183024183024The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable BlastocystScott Chappel0OvaScience, Inc., 215 First Street, Suite 240, Cambridge, MA 02142, USAThe oocyte requires a vast supply of energy after fertilization to support critical events such as spindle formation, chromatid separation, and cell division. Until blastocyst implantation, the developing zygote is dependent on the existing pool of mitochondria. That pool size within each cell decreases with each cell division. Mitochondria obtained from oocytes of women of advanced reproductive age harbor DNA deletions and nucleotide variations that impair function. The combination of lower number and increased frequency of mutations and deletions may result in inadequate mitochondrial activity necessary for continued embryo development and cause pregnancy failure. Previous reports suggested that mitochondrial activity within oocytes may be supplemented by donor cytoplasmic transfer at the time of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Those reports showed success; however, safety concerns arose due to the potential of two distinct populations of mitochondrial genomes in the offspring. Mitochondrial augmentation of oocytes is now reconsidered in light of our current understanding of mitochondrial function and the publication of a number of animal studies. With a better understanding of the role of this organelle in oocytes immediately after fertilization, blastocyst and offspring, mitochondrial augmentation may be reconsidered as a method to improve oocyte quality.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/183024 |
| spellingShingle | Scott Chappel The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst Obstetrics and Gynecology International |
| title | The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst |
| title_full | The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst |
| title_short | The Role of Mitochondria from Mature Oocyte to Viable Blastocyst |
| title_sort | role of mitochondria from mature oocyte to viable blastocyst |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/183024 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT scottchappel theroleofmitochondriafrommatureoocytetoviableblastocyst AT scottchappel roleofmitochondriafrommatureoocytetoviableblastocyst |