Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data
Reservoir sustainability indexing/estimation is introduced in this paper, capable of handling sparse data. It innovates by interconnecting a set of three variables: estimating Environmental Water Requirements (EWRs) by conceptual rules; estimating Reliability, Resilience and Vulnerability (RRV) crit...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972724002459 |
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| author | Sina Sadeghfam Navid Fahmfam Rahman Khatibi Brian Mark Crookston Meysam Vadiati Marjan Moazamnia |
| author_facet | Sina Sadeghfam Navid Fahmfam Rahman Khatibi Brian Mark Crookston Meysam Vadiati Marjan Moazamnia |
| author_sort | Sina Sadeghfam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reservoir sustainability indexing/estimation is introduced in this paper, capable of handling sparse data. It innovates by interconnecting a set of three variables: estimating Environmental Water Requirements (EWRs) by conceptual rules; estimating Reliability, Resilience and Vulnerability (RRV) criteria by using EWRs; and thereby calculating Sustainability Indexes (SI), which are either satisfactory or unsatisfactory. These together transform reservoir studies into an innovative capability, implemented by a strategy at three levels: Level 1 scopes critically the research direction setting up a rule engine. Level 2 calculates the EWRs, RRV and SI metrics. Level 3 addresses the defensibility of the results. The capability is piloted on 9 major reservoirs with available data out of 44 in the basin of Lake Urmia for a proof-of-concept. The subsequent knowledge discovery uncovers that: (i) Of 5.3 Billion Cubic Metres (BCM/Annum) lake inflows, 3.1 BCM/annum is required to maintain the lake, but cut off unwarrantedly, instigated the catastrophe. (ii) SI-values verify that the basin is fragile against unwarranted operations; conversely, evidence is given that restoring Lake Urmia is feasible by overhauling reservoir management. (iii) The emerging retrospective explanation is that reservoir operations are the single root cause instigating the catastrophic disappearance of Lake Urmia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-471fdc09845142b494fe31e4a5365c4a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2665-9727 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
| spelling | doaj-art-471fdc09845142b494fe31e4a5365c4a2025-01-29T05:01:54ZengElsevierEnvironmental and Sustainability Indicators2665-97272025-02-0125100577Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse dataSina Sadeghfam0Navid Fahmfam1Rahman Khatibi2Brian Mark Crookston3Meysam Vadiati4Marjan Moazamnia5Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, East Azerbaijan, IranDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, East Azerbaijan, IranAzerbaijan Architecture and Construction University, 5 Ayna Sultanova St., Baku AZ1073, Azerbaijan; Corresponding author. Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University, 5 Ayna Sultanova St., Baku AZ1073, Azerbaijan.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United StatesHubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program, Global Affairs, University of California, Davis, CA, United StatesDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, East Azerbaijan, IranReservoir sustainability indexing/estimation is introduced in this paper, capable of handling sparse data. It innovates by interconnecting a set of three variables: estimating Environmental Water Requirements (EWRs) by conceptual rules; estimating Reliability, Resilience and Vulnerability (RRV) criteria by using EWRs; and thereby calculating Sustainability Indexes (SI), which are either satisfactory or unsatisfactory. These together transform reservoir studies into an innovative capability, implemented by a strategy at three levels: Level 1 scopes critically the research direction setting up a rule engine. Level 2 calculates the EWRs, RRV and SI metrics. Level 3 addresses the defensibility of the results. The capability is piloted on 9 major reservoirs with available data out of 44 in the basin of Lake Urmia for a proof-of-concept. The subsequent knowledge discovery uncovers that: (i) Of 5.3 Billion Cubic Metres (BCM/Annum) lake inflows, 3.1 BCM/annum is required to maintain the lake, but cut off unwarrantedly, instigated the catastrophe. (ii) SI-values verify that the basin is fragile against unwarranted operations; conversely, evidence is given that restoring Lake Urmia is feasible by overhauling reservoir management. (iii) The emerging retrospective explanation is that reservoir operations are the single root cause instigating the catastrophic disappearance of Lake Urmia.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972724002459Environmental flowsLake vulnerabilityMismanagement and desiccation of salt lakesRestoration of lake Urmia |
| spellingShingle | Sina Sadeghfam Navid Fahmfam Rahman Khatibi Brian Mark Crookston Meysam Vadiati Marjan Moazamnia Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data Environmental and Sustainability Indicators Environmental flows Lake vulnerability Mismanagement and desiccation of salt lakes Restoration of lake Urmia |
| title | Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data |
| title_full | Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data |
| title_fullStr | Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data |
| title_short | Introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of Lake Urmia with sparse data |
| title_sort | introducing reservoir sustainability indexing to investigate reservoir operations and piloting it at the basin of lake urmia with sparse data |
| topic | Environmental flows Lake vulnerability Mismanagement and desiccation of salt lakes Restoration of lake Urmia |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972724002459 |
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