Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway
The protective role of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment in diverse neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke is well acknowledged. However, whether and how EA act on hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the eff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5841814 |
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| author | Yuqin Ye Yongxiang Yang Chen Chen Ze Li Yanfeng Jia Xinhong Su Chaoxian Wang Xiaosheng He |
| author_facet | Yuqin Ye Yongxiang Yang Chen Chen Ze Li Yanfeng Jia Xinhong Su Chaoxian Wang Xiaosheng He |
| author_sort | Yuqin Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The protective role of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment in diverse neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke is well acknowledged. However, whether and how EA act on hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of EA on hippocampal neurogenesis and neurological functions, as well as its underlying association with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in TBI mice. BrdU/NeuN immunofluorescence was performed to label newborn neurons in the hippocampus after EA treatment. Water maze test and neurological severity score were used to evaluate neurological function posttrauma. The hippocampal level of TLR4 and downstream molecules and inflammatory cytokines were, respectively, detected by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. EA enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and inhibited TLR4 expression at 21, 28, and 35 days after TBI, but the beneficial effects of EA on posttraumatic neurogenesis and neurological functions were attenuated by lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 activation. In addition, EA exerted an inhibitory effect on both TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB and TLR4/TRIF/NF-κB pathways, as well as the inflammatory cytokine expression in the hippocampus following TBI. In conclusion, EA promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and neurological recovery through inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathway posttrauma, which may be a potential approach to improve the outcome of TBI. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-46fbc1a9ee6a4f4db110ebf10eb7fca1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cells International |
| spelling | doaj-art-46fbc1a9ee6a4f4db110ebf10eb7fca12025-02-03T05:43:43ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782017-01-01201710.1155/2017/58418145841814Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling PathwayYuqin Ye0Yongxiang Yang1Chen Chen2Ze Li3Yanfeng Jia4Xinhong Su5Chaoxian Wang6Xiaosheng He7Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaInstitute of Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710034, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710034, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, ChinaThe protective role of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment in diverse neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke is well acknowledged. However, whether and how EA act on hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of EA on hippocampal neurogenesis and neurological functions, as well as its underlying association with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in TBI mice. BrdU/NeuN immunofluorescence was performed to label newborn neurons in the hippocampus after EA treatment. Water maze test and neurological severity score were used to evaluate neurological function posttrauma. The hippocampal level of TLR4 and downstream molecules and inflammatory cytokines were, respectively, detected by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. EA enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis and inhibited TLR4 expression at 21, 28, and 35 days after TBI, but the beneficial effects of EA on posttraumatic neurogenesis and neurological functions were attenuated by lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 activation. In addition, EA exerted an inhibitory effect on both TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB and TLR4/TRIF/NF-κB pathways, as well as the inflammatory cytokine expression in the hippocampus following TBI. In conclusion, EA promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and neurological recovery through inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathway posttrauma, which may be a potential approach to improve the outcome of TBI.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5841814 |
| spellingShingle | Yuqin Ye Yongxiang Yang Chen Chen Ze Li Yanfeng Jia Xinhong Su Chaoxian Wang Xiaosheng He Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway Stem Cells International |
| title | Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway |
| title_full | Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway |
| title_fullStr | Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway |
| title_short | Electroacupuncture Improved Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice through Inhibition of TLR4 Signaling Pathway |
| title_sort | electroacupuncture improved hippocampal neurogenesis following traumatic brain injury in mice through inhibition of tlr4 signaling pathway |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5841814 |
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