Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae)
ABSTRACT Ephydrini comprises 118 species (plus seven nomina dubia species) that are distributed in all biogeographical regions except Antarctica. The tribe currently includes 13 genera, of which three (Calocoenia Mathis, Ephydra Fallén, Paracoenia Cresson) include subgenera. The subgenus Ephydra and...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia
2025-01-01
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| author | Wayne N. Mathis Luciane Marinoni Tatiana A. Sepúlveda |
| author_facet | Wayne N. Mathis Luciane Marinoni Tatiana A. Sepúlveda |
| author_sort | Wayne N. Mathis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Ephydrini comprises 118 species (plus seven nomina dubia species) that are distributed in all biogeographical regions except Antarctica. The tribe currently includes 13 genera, of which three (Calocoenia Mathis, Ephydra Fallén, Paracoenia Cresson) include subgenera. The subgenus Ephydra and three other genera (Neoephydra Mathis, Notiocoenia Mathis, Setacera Cresson) include species groups. Representatives of all these groupings (genera, subgenera, and in most cases also species groups) are included in the phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic treatment. To test the monophyly of Ephydrini and to understand phylogenetic relationships among genera, a cladistic analysis was performed using equal and implicit character weightings based on the morphology of adult males and females. Species of all 13 genera of Ephydrini from different geographical regions were included to account for morphological and phylogenetic diversity. Also included in the analysis are species of the other tribes of the subfamily Ephydrinae to provide greater perspective on the phylogenetic position of Ephydrini within the subfamily and to serve as outgroups. In our analyses, cladograms from both equal weighting and implied weighting resulted in cladograms of 261 steps in length. The tribes Ephydrini, Dagini, and Scatellini were recovered as monophyletic lineages. The tribe Dagini is the sister lineage to the node giving rise to the tribes Scatellini and Ephydrini, and the latter two tribes were recovered as sister groups. Within Ephydrini, the implied weighting cladogram provided higher resolution among terminal taxa with the same number of steps and is thus our preferred cladogram. In this cladogram, all currently valid genera, including subgenera and species groups, were recovered as monophyletic lineages. Thus, no taxonomic changes are needed at the genus-group level. In the taxonomic section, the tribe Ephydrini is characterized, as are all included genera within the tribe. In addition, keys to all genera, subgenera, and species groups are provided to facilitate their identification. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-46e6fc3c7133448498708f4e8a8d3c27 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1984-4689 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Zoologia (Curitiba) |
| spelling | doaj-art-46e6fc3c7133448498708f4e8a8d3c272025-01-21T07:45:16ZengSociedade Brasileira de ZoologiaZoologia (Curitiba)1984-46892025-01-014210.1590/s1984-4689.v42.e24044Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae)Wayne N. Mathishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5012-1762Luciane Marinonihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-5395Tatiana A. Sepúlvedahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6052-0775ABSTRACT Ephydrini comprises 118 species (plus seven nomina dubia species) that are distributed in all biogeographical regions except Antarctica. The tribe currently includes 13 genera, of which three (Calocoenia Mathis, Ephydra Fallén, Paracoenia Cresson) include subgenera. The subgenus Ephydra and three other genera (Neoephydra Mathis, Notiocoenia Mathis, Setacera Cresson) include species groups. Representatives of all these groupings (genera, subgenera, and in most cases also species groups) are included in the phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic treatment. To test the monophyly of Ephydrini and to understand phylogenetic relationships among genera, a cladistic analysis was performed using equal and implicit character weightings based on the morphology of adult males and females. Species of all 13 genera of Ephydrini from different geographical regions were included to account for morphological and phylogenetic diversity. Also included in the analysis are species of the other tribes of the subfamily Ephydrinae to provide greater perspective on the phylogenetic position of Ephydrini within the subfamily and to serve as outgroups. In our analyses, cladograms from both equal weighting and implied weighting resulted in cladograms of 261 steps in length. The tribes Ephydrini, Dagini, and Scatellini were recovered as monophyletic lineages. The tribe Dagini is the sister lineage to the node giving rise to the tribes Scatellini and Ephydrini, and the latter two tribes were recovered as sister groups. Within Ephydrini, the implied weighting cladogram provided higher resolution among terminal taxa with the same number of steps and is thus our preferred cladogram. In this cladogram, all currently valid genera, including subgenera and species groups, were recovered as monophyletic lineages. Thus, no taxonomic changes are needed at the genus-group level. In the taxonomic section, the tribe Ephydrini is characterized, as are all included genera within the tribe. In addition, keys to all genera, subgenera, and species groups are provided to facilitate their identification.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702025000100400&lng=en&tlng=enCladistic analysisDaginiEphydrinimonophylytaxonomy |
| spellingShingle | Wayne N. Mathis Luciane Marinoni Tatiana A. Sepúlveda Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) Zoologia (Curitiba) Cladistic analysis Dagini Ephydrini monophyly taxonomy |
| title | Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) |
| title_full | Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) |
| title_fullStr | Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) |
| title_short | Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini with comments on related tribes in Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae) |
| title_sort | phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore fly tribe ephydrini with comments on related tribes in ephydrinae diptera ephydridae |
| topic | Cladistic analysis Dagini Ephydrini monophyly taxonomy |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702025000100400&lng=en&tlng=en |
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