Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils
Cd (cadmium) has been categorized as a crucial food pollutant by the World Health Organization. Research regarding Cd pollution mainly centers on the source of anthropogenic pollution. Nevertheless, there is scarce knowledge concerning the natural weathering input of Cd, particularly that from sedim...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Yongqiang Ning Minglong Yang Chutong Liu Jiazhong Huang Tianyi Wang Yong Pang Quanheng Li |
| author_facet | Yongqiang Ning Minglong Yang Chutong Liu Jiazhong Huang Tianyi Wang Yong Pang Quanheng Li |
| author_sort | Yongqiang Ning |
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| description | Cd (cadmium) has been categorized as a crucial food pollutant by the World Health Organization. Research regarding Cd pollution mainly centers on the source of anthropogenic pollution. Nevertheless, there is scarce knowledge concerning the natural weathering input of Cd, particularly that from sedimentary rocks as bedrocks. Herein, we endeavored to explore the contribution of various sedimentary rocks (Quaternary sediments, mudstone, limestone, sandstone, shale, greywacke, and marl) under similar weathering conditions to the input of Cd in agricultural soils. The concentrations of Cd in soils with different bedrocks are as follows: sandstone: 0.30 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME) > Quaternary sediments: 0.30 ± 0.04 mg/kg (SME) > shale: 0.25 ± 0.04 mg/kg (SME) > greywacke: 0.24 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME) > mudstone: 0.24 ± 0.01 mg/kg (SME) > marl: 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/kg (SME) > limestone: 0.21 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME). The results of major element oxides (K<sub>2</sub>O, MgO, Na<sub>2</sub>O, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CaO) imply that Cd in soil primarily stems from the weathering of bedrocks. However, random forest analysis reveals that the soil formation processes of greywacke, mudstone, and marl lead to the loss of Cd in the soil, while those of shale and limestone result in the input of Cd into the soil. This study emphasizes that the process of Cd import and loss in soil is closely related to the type of bedrock and the weathering process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4567bd6c4ce444cdba04bfb006e9d440 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj-art-4567bd6c4ce444cdba04bfb006e9d4402025-01-24T13:38:12ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2025-01-0114117610.3390/land14010176Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock SoilsYongqiang Ning0Minglong Yang1Chutong Liu2Jiazhong Huang3Tianyi Wang4Yong Pang5Quanheng Li6Kunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Kunming 650506, ChinaKunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Kunming 650506, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaKunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Kunming 650506, ChinaKunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Kunming 650506, ChinaKunming General Survey of Natural Resources Center, Kunming 650506, ChinaSouthwest Mountain Ecological Geological Evolution and Conservation and Restoration Innovation Base, Kunming 650100, ChinaCd (cadmium) has been categorized as a crucial food pollutant by the World Health Organization. Research regarding Cd pollution mainly centers on the source of anthropogenic pollution. Nevertheless, there is scarce knowledge concerning the natural weathering input of Cd, particularly that from sedimentary rocks as bedrocks. Herein, we endeavored to explore the contribution of various sedimentary rocks (Quaternary sediments, mudstone, limestone, sandstone, shale, greywacke, and marl) under similar weathering conditions to the input of Cd in agricultural soils. The concentrations of Cd in soils with different bedrocks are as follows: sandstone: 0.30 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME) > Quaternary sediments: 0.30 ± 0.04 mg/kg (SME) > shale: 0.25 ± 0.04 mg/kg (SME) > greywacke: 0.24 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME) > mudstone: 0.24 ± 0.01 mg/kg (SME) > marl: 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/kg (SME) > limestone: 0.21 ± 0.03 mg/kg (SME). The results of major element oxides (K<sub>2</sub>O, MgO, Na<sub>2</sub>O, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CaO) imply that Cd in soil primarily stems from the weathering of bedrocks. However, random forest analysis reveals that the soil formation processes of greywacke, mudstone, and marl lead to the loss of Cd in the soil, while those of shale and limestone result in the input of Cd into the soil. This study emphasizes that the process of Cd import and loss in soil is closely related to the type of bedrock and the weathering process.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/1/176agricultural soilCdoxidebedrocksweathering |
| spellingShingle | Yongqiang Ning Minglong Yang Chutong Liu Jiazhong Huang Tianyi Wang Yong Pang Quanheng Li Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils Land agricultural soil Cd oxide bedrocks weathering |
| title | Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils |
| title_full | Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils |
| title_short | Effect of Weathering on Cd Mobilization in Different Sedimentary Bedrock Soils |
| title_sort | effect of weathering on cd mobilization in different sedimentary bedrock soils |
| topic | agricultural soil Cd oxide bedrocks weathering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/1/176 |
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