Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems
The deployment of voltage source converters (VSC) to facilitate flexible interconnections between the AC grid, renewable energy system (RES) and Multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grid is on the rise. However, significant challenges exist in exploiting coordinated operations for such AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014206152400588X |
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| author | Haixiao Li Pedro P. Vergara Robert Dimitrovski Hongjin Du Aleksandra Lekić |
| author_facet | Haixiao Li Pedro P. Vergara Robert Dimitrovski Hongjin Du Aleksandra Lekić |
| author_sort | Haixiao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The deployment of voltage source converters (VSC) to facilitate flexible interconnections between the AC grid, renewable energy system (RES) and Multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grid is on the rise. However, significant challenges exist in exploiting coordinated operations for such AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems. One of the most critical issues is how to achieve the optimal operation of such wide-area systems involving several power entities with as minimal communication burden as possible. To address this issue, an enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow (OPF) is specifically proposed. Firstly, a mixed-integer convex AC/DC OPF model is explicitly formulated to describe the optimal operation of such hybrid power systems. Subsequently, a nested distributed optimization method with double iteration loops is developed to offer optimal system-wide decision-making through a more “thorough” distributed communication architecture. In the outer iteration, the original AC/DC OPF problem is decomposed into several slave problems (SPs) associated with systems (including the AC grid and RESs) and one master problem (MP) associated with the integrated VSC-MTDC grid. Generalized Benders decomposition (GBD) serves to solve the master and slave problems iteratively. Techniques such as multi-cut generation and asynchronous updating are utilized to upgrade the GBD performance of computation efficiency and address communication delays. In the inner iteration, the master problem is continuously decomposed into multiple sub-MPs associated with individual VSCs. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is employed to solve these sub-MPs iteratively. Proximal terms and heuristic approaches are embedded to enable parallel computation and handling of integer variables. Numerical experiment results finally validate the effectiveness of the proposed enhanced AC/DC OPF. The constructed AC/DC OPF model exhibits acceptable accuracy in terms of power flow calculation, and the developed nested distributed optimization method showcases decent convergence rate and solution optimality performances. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-451195029a3e4220a0d6ab4a1dfacc8b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0142-0615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-451195029a3e4220a0d6ab4a1dfacc8b2025-01-19T06:23:50ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems0142-06152025-03-01164110365Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systemsHaixiao Li0Pedro P. Vergara1Robert Dimitrovski2Hongjin Du3Aleksandra Lekić4Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, Netherlands; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69 Hongguang Rd, Chongqing, 400054, China; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, Netherlands.Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, NetherlandsFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, Netherlands; Electrical System Design, TenneT TSO GmbH, Bernecker Straße 70, Bayreuth, 95448, GermanyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, NetherlandsFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, Delft, 2628 CD, NetherlandsThe deployment of voltage source converters (VSC) to facilitate flexible interconnections between the AC grid, renewable energy system (RES) and Multi-terminal DC (MTDC) grid is on the rise. However, significant challenges exist in exploiting coordinated operations for such AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems. One of the most critical issues is how to achieve the optimal operation of such wide-area systems involving several power entities with as minimal communication burden as possible. To address this issue, an enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow (OPF) is specifically proposed. Firstly, a mixed-integer convex AC/DC OPF model is explicitly formulated to describe the optimal operation of such hybrid power systems. Subsequently, a nested distributed optimization method with double iteration loops is developed to offer optimal system-wide decision-making through a more “thorough” distributed communication architecture. In the outer iteration, the original AC/DC OPF problem is decomposed into several slave problems (SPs) associated with systems (including the AC grid and RESs) and one master problem (MP) associated with the integrated VSC-MTDC grid. Generalized Benders decomposition (GBD) serves to solve the master and slave problems iteratively. Techniques such as multi-cut generation and asynchronous updating are utilized to upgrade the GBD performance of computation efficiency and address communication delays. In the inner iteration, the master problem is continuously decomposed into multiple sub-MPs associated with individual VSCs. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is employed to solve these sub-MPs iteratively. Proximal terms and heuristic approaches are embedded to enable parallel computation and handling of integer variables. Numerical experiment results finally validate the effectiveness of the proposed enhanced AC/DC OPF. The constructed AC/DC OPF model exhibits acceptable accuracy in terms of power flow calculation, and the developed nested distributed optimization method showcases decent convergence rate and solution optimality performances.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014206152400588XMulti-terminal DCAC/DC optimal power flowNested distributed optimizationGeneralized Benders decompositionAlternating direction method of multipliers |
| spellingShingle | Haixiao Li Pedro P. Vergara Robert Dimitrovski Hongjin Du Aleksandra Lekić Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Multi-terminal DC AC/DC optimal power flow Nested distributed optimization Generalized Benders decomposition Alternating direction method of multipliers |
| title | Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems |
| title_full | Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems |
| title_short | Enhanced AC/DC optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for AC/VSC-MTDC hybrid power systems |
| title_sort | enhanced ac dc optimal power flow via nested distributed optimization for ac vsc mtdc hybrid power systems |
| topic | Multi-terminal DC AC/DC optimal power flow Nested distributed optimization Generalized Benders decomposition Alternating direction method of multipliers |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014206152400588X |
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