Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a result of an abnormal activation of immune cells (T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and macrophages) resulting in cytokine overproduction and immune destruction of cells, eventually resulting in multiorgan failure. Genetic causes are responsible for p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Hematology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7634760 |
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| author | Oluwadunni E. Emiloju Sorab Gupta Vivian Arguello-Guerra Claudia Dourado |
| author_facet | Oluwadunni E. Emiloju Sorab Gupta Vivian Arguello-Guerra Claudia Dourado |
| author_sort | Oluwadunni E. Emiloju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a result of an abnormal activation of immune cells (T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and macrophages) resulting in cytokine overproduction and immune destruction of cells, eventually resulting in multiorgan failure. Genetic causes are responsible for primary hemophagocytosis, but malignancies, infections, and autoimmunity underlie most of the secondary cases. We present an unusual case of a patient with AIDS and disseminated Kaposi sarcoma who was commenced on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) but developed HLH secondary to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We report this case to highlight the difficulty in managing this patient given the complex interplay of immunosuppression due to AIDS, immune reconstitution following initiation of HAART, and immune overdrive manifesting as HLH. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43ec2505bc784532abc434f893b650c2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-6560 2090-6579 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Reports in Hematology |
| spelling | doaj-art-43ec2505bc784532abc434f893b650c22025-02-03T06:07:12ZengWileyCase Reports in Hematology2090-65602090-65792019-01-01201910.1155/2019/76347607634760Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment DilemmaOluwadunni E. Emiloju0Sorab Gupta1Vivian Arguello-Guerra2Claudia Dourado3Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USADepartment of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USADepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USADepartment of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USAHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a result of an abnormal activation of immune cells (T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and macrophages) resulting in cytokine overproduction and immune destruction of cells, eventually resulting in multiorgan failure. Genetic causes are responsible for primary hemophagocytosis, but malignancies, infections, and autoimmunity underlie most of the secondary cases. We present an unusual case of a patient with AIDS and disseminated Kaposi sarcoma who was commenced on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) but developed HLH secondary to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We report this case to highlight the difficulty in managing this patient given the complex interplay of immunosuppression due to AIDS, immune reconstitution following initiation of HAART, and immune overdrive manifesting as HLH.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7634760 |
| spellingShingle | Oluwadunni E. Emiloju Sorab Gupta Vivian Arguello-Guerra Claudia Dourado Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma Case Reports in Hematology |
| title | Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma |
| title_full | Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma |
| title_fullStr | Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma |
| title_short | Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an AIDS Patient with Kaposi Sarcoma: A Treatment Dilemma |
| title_sort | hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an aids patient with kaposi sarcoma a treatment dilemma |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7634760 |
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