Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum
IntroductionDietary methionine supplementation has been shown to enhance immunity and disease resistance in fish. However, excessive intake may lead to adverse effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the immune status of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed increasing levels of dietary m...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1513516/full |
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| author | Inês Carvalho Inês Carvalho Diogo Peixoto Diogo Peixoto Inês Ferreira Inês Ferreira Diego Robledo Diego Robledo Lourenço Ramos-Pinto Rodolfo Miguel Silva José Fernando Gonçalves Marina Machado Carolina Tafalla Benjamin Costas Benjamin Costas |
| author_facet | Inês Carvalho Inês Carvalho Diogo Peixoto Diogo Peixoto Inês Ferreira Inês Ferreira Diego Robledo Diego Robledo Lourenço Ramos-Pinto Rodolfo Miguel Silva José Fernando Gonçalves Marina Machado Carolina Tafalla Benjamin Costas Benjamin Costas |
| author_sort | Inês Carvalho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionDietary methionine supplementation has been shown to enhance immunity and disease resistance in fish. However, excessive intake may lead to adverse effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the immune status of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed increasing levels of dietary methionine supplementation and to investigate the early immune response to Tenacibaculum maritimum.MethodsFor this purpose, juvenile European seabass were fed one of three experimental diets containing methionine at 8.6 mg/g (CTRL), 18.5 mg/g (MET2), and 29.2 mg/g (MET3) for four weeks, followed by a bath challenge with T. maritimum.ResultsWhile higher methionine intake reduced hemoglobin levels, no other significant changes in the immune status were observed. However, after infection, fish fed higher methionine levels exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the mRNA expression of some proinflammatory genes. Similarly, RNA sequencing analysis of skin tissue revealed an attenuated immune response in the MET2 group at 24 hours post-infection, with few proinflammatory genes upregulated, which intensified at 48 h, potentially due to advanced tissue colonization by T. maritimum. The MET3 group displayed the least pronounced immune response, along with the enrichment of some immune-related pathways among the downregulated transcripts. These findings, together with the lower mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes in the head kidney and the higher mortality rates observed in this group, suggest a potential impairment of the immune response.`DiscussionOverall, these findings indicate that dietary methionine supplementation may significantly influence both systemic and local immune responses in European seabass, highlighting the need for careful consideration when supplementing diets with methionine. |
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| id | doaj-art-43e561d098044da589f0c50648f01828 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-43e561d098044da589f0c50648f018282025-01-22T07:13:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-01-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15135161513516Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimumInês Carvalho0Inês Carvalho1Diogo Peixoto2Diogo Peixoto3Inês Ferreira4Inês Ferreira5Diego Robledo6Diego Robledo7Lourenço Ramos-Pinto8Rodolfo Miguel Silva9José Fernando Gonçalves10Marina Machado11Carolina Tafalla12Benjamin Costas13Benjamin Costas14Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalThe Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United KingdomDepartment of Genetics, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Technología Agraria y Alimentaria (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, SpainCentro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, PortugalInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalIntroductionDietary methionine supplementation has been shown to enhance immunity and disease resistance in fish. However, excessive intake may lead to adverse effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the immune status of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed increasing levels of dietary methionine supplementation and to investigate the early immune response to Tenacibaculum maritimum.MethodsFor this purpose, juvenile European seabass were fed one of three experimental diets containing methionine at 8.6 mg/g (CTRL), 18.5 mg/g (MET2), and 29.2 mg/g (MET3) for four weeks, followed by a bath challenge with T. maritimum.ResultsWhile higher methionine intake reduced hemoglobin levels, no other significant changes in the immune status were observed. However, after infection, fish fed higher methionine levels exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the mRNA expression of some proinflammatory genes. Similarly, RNA sequencing analysis of skin tissue revealed an attenuated immune response in the MET2 group at 24 hours post-infection, with few proinflammatory genes upregulated, which intensified at 48 h, potentially due to advanced tissue colonization by T. maritimum. The MET3 group displayed the least pronounced immune response, along with the enrichment of some immune-related pathways among the downregulated transcripts. These findings, together with the lower mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes in the head kidney and the higher mortality rates observed in this group, suggest a potential impairment of the immune response.`DiscussionOverall, these findings indicate that dietary methionine supplementation may significantly influence both systemic and local immune responses in European seabass, highlighting the need for careful consideration when supplementing diets with methionine.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1513516/fullamino acidsskinbacterial challengeRNA sequencingimmunomodulation |
| spellingShingle | Inês Carvalho Inês Carvalho Diogo Peixoto Diogo Peixoto Inês Ferreira Inês Ferreira Diego Robledo Diego Robledo Lourenço Ramos-Pinto Rodolfo Miguel Silva José Fernando Gonçalves Marina Machado Carolina Tafalla Benjamin Costas Benjamin Costas Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum Frontiers in Immunology amino acids skin bacterial challenge RNA sequencing immunomodulation |
| title | Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum |
| title_full | Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum |
| title_short | Exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on European seabass mucosal immune responses against Tenacibaculum maritimum |
| title_sort | exploring the effects of dietary methionine supplementation on european seabass mucosal immune responses against tenacibaculum maritimum |
| topic | amino acids skin bacterial challenge RNA sequencing immunomodulation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1513516/full |
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