Antibacterial Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Acute Diarrheal Diseases in Chiapas, Mexico

Antibacterial Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Acute Diarrheal Diseases in Chiapas, Mexico

The <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> family poses health risks due to its role in gastrointestinal diseases like acute diarrhea. With rising antibiotic resistance, plants offer promising antibacterial compounds with low toxicity. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity, minimum inhibito...

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Main Authors: Jesús Mauricio Ernesto Hernández-Méndez, Israel Peña-Hernández, Mariela Tapia-Nazario, Gerardo Leyva-Padrón, Abumalé Cruz-Salomón, María Emperatriz Domínguez-Espinosa, Héctor Armando Esquinca-Avilés, Maritza del Carmen Hernández-Cruz, Rocío Magdalena Sánchez-Albores, Kelly del Carmen Cruz-Salomón, Rosa Isela Cruz-Rodríguez, Martha Guadalupe Gómez-Santos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Microbiology Research
Subjects:
acute diarrhea
ethnobotany
antibacterial activity
antibiogram
<i>Solanum torvum</i>
<i>Guazuma ulmifolia</i>
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/16/1/10
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Summary:The <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> family poses health risks due to its role in gastrointestinal diseases like acute diarrhea. With rising antibiotic resistance, plants offer promising antibacterial compounds with low toxicity. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and toxicity of ethanolic (EE) and aqueous (AE) extracts from five Mexican medicinal plants traditionally used in Chiapas for treating acute diarrheal diseases (ADD). Antibacterial activity was assessed using disk diffusion assays and MIC determined by macrodilution. Toxicity tests were performed using <i>Artemia salina</i>. As a result, EE extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than AE extracts. <i>Byrsonima crassifolia</i> effectively inhibited <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> (78.26%, MIC 50 mg/mL) and <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> (76.19%, MIC 25 mg/mL). <i>Solanum torvum</i> showed efficacy against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (55.55%, MIC 12.5 mg/mL) and <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> (73.91%, MIC 25 mg/mL). <i>Euphorbia maculata</i> inhibited <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> (104.76%, MIC 25 mg/mL), while <i>Guazuma ulmifolia</i> and <i>Bursera simaruba</i> exhibited no antibacterial effects. All extracts were non-toxic (LD<sub>50</sub> > 1000 μg/mL), indicating potential as natural alternatives for ADD treatment.
ISSN:2036-7481

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