Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater
The growing need for sustainable wastewater treatment solutions has led to exploring alternative materials to explore large-scale and reliable technologies. This study focuses on optimizing the synthesis of geopolymers based on fly ash using a Box-Behnken experimental design to enhance their adsorpt...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Chemical Engineering Journal Advances |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821124001200 |
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| author | Ana Paula Ferreira Ana Paula S. Natal Arthur P. Baldo Adriano S. Silva Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta Pricila Marin José A. Peres Helder T. Gomes |
| author_facet | Ana Paula Ferreira Ana Paula S. Natal Arthur P. Baldo Adriano S. Silva Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta Pricila Marin José A. Peres Helder T. Gomes |
| author_sort | Ana Paula Ferreira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing need for sustainable wastewater treatment solutions has led to exploring alternative materials to explore large-scale and reliable technologies. This study focuses on optimizing the synthesis of geopolymers based on fly ash using a Box-Behnken experimental design to enhance their adsorption efficiency for phenolic compounds, as gallic acid model pollutant which are widely found in wastewater leaching from landfills. Fifteen geopolymer samples were synthesized, characterized, and tested for adsorption performance. Various techniques were employed, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The optimization process highlighted the significance of the Si/Al mass ratio, NaOH molar concentration, and Na₂SiO₃/NaOH as variables in the geopolymers production. Geopolymer samples demonstrated significant adsorption capacities, with GP_2.0_10_2.5 achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 75.8 mg g-1. Kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-first-order model best described the adsorption process. At the same time, equilibrium data fitted well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with GP_2.0_10_2.5 showing the best fit for the Langmuir model. These findings reveal the potential of geopolymers derived from fly ash as cost-effective adsorbents in wastewater treatment, promoting the reuse of industrial waste within the framework of a Circular Economy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-42ce0ced141e4f8dab9e900c7606f4b5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-8211 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemical Engineering Journal Advances |
| spelling | doaj-art-42ce0ced141e4f8dab9e900c7606f4b52025-02-03T04:17:04ZengElsevierChemical Engineering Journal Advances2666-82112025-03-0121100703Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewaterAna Paula Ferreira0Ana Paula S. Natal1Arthur P. Baldo2Adriano S. Silva3Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta4Pricila Marin5José A. Peres6Helder T. Gomes7CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300- 253 Bragança, Portugal; Chemistry Center of Vila Real (CQVR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Corresponding authors.CIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300- 253 Bragança, Portugal; Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Apucarana, 86812-460, Londrina, BrazilCIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300- 253 Bragança, Portugal; Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Apucarana, 86812-460, Londrina, BrazilCIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300- 253 Bragança, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200- 11 465 Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Digitalization and Intelligent Robotics (CeDRI), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 13 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalChemical and Environmental Engineering Group, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n 28933 Móstoles, SpainUniversidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Apucarana, 86812-460, Londrina, BrazilChemistry Center of Vila Real (CQVR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCIMO, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300- 253 Bragança, Portugal; Corresponding authors.The growing need for sustainable wastewater treatment solutions has led to exploring alternative materials to explore large-scale and reliable technologies. This study focuses on optimizing the synthesis of geopolymers based on fly ash using a Box-Behnken experimental design to enhance their adsorption efficiency for phenolic compounds, as gallic acid model pollutant which are widely found in wastewater leaching from landfills. Fifteen geopolymer samples were synthesized, characterized, and tested for adsorption performance. Various techniques were employed, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The optimization process highlighted the significance of the Si/Al mass ratio, NaOH molar concentration, and Na₂SiO₃/NaOH as variables in the geopolymers production. Geopolymer samples demonstrated significant adsorption capacities, with GP_2.0_10_2.5 achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 75.8 mg g-1. Kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-first-order model best described the adsorption process. At the same time, equilibrium data fitted well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with GP_2.0_10_2.5 showing the best fit for the Langmuir model. These findings reveal the potential of geopolymers derived from fly ash as cost-effective adsorbents in wastewater treatment, promoting the reuse of industrial waste within the framework of a Circular Economy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821124001200Design of experimentsBox-Behnken designWastewater treatmentPhenolic compounds removalWaste valorizationFly-ash |
| spellingShingle | Ana Paula Ferreira Ana Paula S. Natal Arthur P. Baldo Adriano S. Silva Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta Pricila Marin José A. Peres Helder T. Gomes Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater Chemical Engineering Journal Advances Design of experiments Box-Behnken design Wastewater treatment Phenolic compounds removal Waste valorization Fly-ash |
| title | Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| title_full | Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| title_short | Response surface method-driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash-based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| title_sort | response surface method driven design of experiments for the synthesis of fly ash based geopolymers in the gallic acid optimized removal from wastewater |
| topic | Design of experiments Box-Behnken design Wastewater treatment Phenolic compounds removal Waste valorization Fly-ash |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821124001200 |
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