Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People
Thyroid dysfunction is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric manifestations. Cognitive decline is a common feature of hypothyroidism and clinical or subclinical hyperthyroidism. In addition, there is a significant association between thyroid hormone (TH) levels and the degree of cognitive imp...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Arshag D. Mooradian Michael J. Haas |
| author_facet | Arshag D. Mooradian Michael J. Haas |
| author_sort | Arshag D. Mooradian |
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| description | Thyroid dysfunction is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric manifestations. Cognitive decline is a common feature of hypothyroidism and clinical or subclinical hyperthyroidism. In addition, there is a significant association between thyroid hormone (TH) levels and the degree of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The pathophysiology of TH-related neurodegeneration include changes in the blood–brain barrier, increased cellular stress, altered processing of β-amyloid precursor protein and the effect of TH on neuronal cell viability. The neurotoxicity of TH is partially mediated by the thyroid hormone responsive protein (THRP). This protein is 83% homologous to mouse c-Abl-interacting protein-2 (Abi2), a c-Abl-modulating protein with tumor suppressor activity. In cell cultures, increasing THRP expression either with TH treatment or exogenously through transfecting neuronal or PC 12 cells causes cell necrosis. The expression of exogenous THRP in other cells such as the colonic epithelial cell line Caco-2 and the glial cell line U251 has no effect on cell viability. The effect of THRP on cell viability is not modulated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. The causal relationship between specific biochemical perturbations in cerebral tissue and thyroid dysfunction remains to be elucidated. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4163c3b3b49d482e85e8cc4d72590c932025-01-24T13:26:49ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-01-0114214010.3390/cells14020140Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older PeopleArshag D. Mooradian0Michael J. Haas1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USADivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USAThyroid dysfunction is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric manifestations. Cognitive decline is a common feature of hypothyroidism and clinical or subclinical hyperthyroidism. In addition, there is a significant association between thyroid hormone (TH) levels and the degree of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The pathophysiology of TH-related neurodegeneration include changes in the blood–brain barrier, increased cellular stress, altered processing of β-amyloid precursor protein and the effect of TH on neuronal cell viability. The neurotoxicity of TH is partially mediated by the thyroid hormone responsive protein (THRP). This protein is 83% homologous to mouse c-Abl-interacting protein-2 (Abi2), a c-Abl-modulating protein with tumor suppressor activity. In cell cultures, increasing THRP expression either with TH treatment or exogenously through transfecting neuronal or PC 12 cells causes cell necrosis. The expression of exogenous THRP in other cells such as the colonic epithelial cell line Caco-2 and the glial cell line U251 has no effect on cell viability. The effect of THRP on cell viability is not modulated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. The causal relationship between specific biochemical perturbations in cerebral tissue and thyroid dysfunction remains to be elucidated.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/2/140neurodegenerationthyroid hormonesParkinson’s diseaseAlzheimer’s disease |
| spellingShingle | Arshag D. Mooradian Michael J. Haas Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People Cells neurodegeneration thyroid hormones Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease |
| title | Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People |
| title_full | Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People |
| title_fullStr | Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People |
| title_short | Role of Thyroid Hormone in Neurodegenerative Disorders of Older People |
| title_sort | role of thyroid hormone in neurodegenerative disorders of older people |
| topic | neurodegeneration thyroid hormones Parkinson’s disease Alzheimer’s disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/2/140 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arshagdmooradian roleofthyroidhormoneinneurodegenerativedisordersofolderpeople AT michaeljhaas roleofthyroidhormoneinneurodegenerativedisordersofolderpeople |