Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model
Abstract In this article, a CMOS-compatible Pirani vacuum gauge was proposed featuring enhanced sensitivity, lower detection limit, and high-temperature stability, achieved through the implementation of a surface micromachining method coupled with a temperature compensation strategy. To improve perf...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Microsystems & Nanoengineering |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-024-00832-z |
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| _version_ | 1832585628860022784 |
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| author | Shizhen Xu Gai Yang Junfu Chen Rui Jiao Ruoqin Wang Hongyu Yu Huikai Xie Xiaoyi Wang |
| author_facet | Shizhen Xu Gai Yang Junfu Chen Rui Jiao Ruoqin Wang Hongyu Yu Huikai Xie Xiaoyi Wang |
| author_sort | Shizhen Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In this article, a CMOS-compatible Pirani vacuum gauge was proposed featuring enhanced sensitivity, lower detection limit, and high-temperature stability, achieved through the implementation of a surface micromachining method coupled with a temperature compensation strategy. To improve performance, a T-type device with a 1 µm gap was fabricated resulting in an average sensitivity of 1.10 V/lgPa, which was 2.89 times larger than that (0.38 V/lgPa) of a L-type device with a 100 µm gap. Additionally, FEA simulations were conducted, analyzing the influence of heater temperature on sensitivity and the attenuation of sensitivity across varying ambient temperatures. A semi-empirical theoretical mode was derived for performance prediction, demonstrating strong alignment with experimental results, underscoring its effectiveness in compensating for sensitivity attenuation. Building on the foundation, the device’s performance under different ambient temperatures was characterized and effectively compensated in two distinct operational modes: constant temperature mode and constant temperature difference mode (the whole range temperature compensation error can be controlled within 2.5%). Finally, the short-time stability (variation level is approximately 1 mV), noise floor (Vrms=384 μV) and detection limit (0.07 Pa @1 Hz) of the device were characterized, confirming its suitability for practical implementation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-40a235778b7e470ea05bec80f0fd2a07 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2055-7434 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microsystems & Nanoengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-40a235778b7e470ea05bec80f0fd2a072025-01-26T12:38:25ZengNature Publishing GroupMicrosystems & Nanoengineering2055-74342025-01-0111111010.1038/s41378-024-00832-zTheoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation modelShizhen Xu0Gai Yang1Junfu Chen2Rui Jiao3Ruoqin Wang4Hongyu Yu5Huikai Xie6Xiaoyi Wang7The School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyThe School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyThe School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyThe Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyThe Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyThe Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyThe School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyThe School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of TechnologyAbstract In this article, a CMOS-compatible Pirani vacuum gauge was proposed featuring enhanced sensitivity, lower detection limit, and high-temperature stability, achieved through the implementation of a surface micromachining method coupled with a temperature compensation strategy. To improve performance, a T-type device with a 1 µm gap was fabricated resulting in an average sensitivity of 1.10 V/lgPa, which was 2.89 times larger than that (0.38 V/lgPa) of a L-type device with a 100 µm gap. Additionally, FEA simulations were conducted, analyzing the influence of heater temperature on sensitivity and the attenuation of sensitivity across varying ambient temperatures. A semi-empirical theoretical mode was derived for performance prediction, demonstrating strong alignment with experimental results, underscoring its effectiveness in compensating for sensitivity attenuation. Building on the foundation, the device’s performance under different ambient temperatures was characterized and effectively compensated in two distinct operational modes: constant temperature mode and constant temperature difference mode (the whole range temperature compensation error can be controlled within 2.5%). Finally, the short-time stability (variation level is approximately 1 mV), noise floor (Vrms=384 μV) and detection limit (0.07 Pa @1 Hz) of the device were characterized, confirming its suitability for practical implementation.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-024-00832-z |
| spellingShingle | Shizhen Xu Gai Yang Junfu Chen Rui Jiao Ruoqin Wang Hongyu Yu Huikai Xie Xiaoyi Wang Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model Microsystems & Nanoengineering |
| title | Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| title_full | Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| title_fullStr | Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| title_short | Theoretical and experimental investigations of the CMOS compatible Pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| title_sort | theoretical and experimental investigations of the cmos compatible pirani gauges with a temperature compensation model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-024-00832-z |
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