The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that contributes to systemic complications. It is associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control and other diabetes-related complications. Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (N...

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Main Authors: Komal K. Ghadge, Sharath K. Shetty, Anita Kulloli, Santosh Martande, Vini Mehta, D. Gopalakrishnan, Ankita Mathur, Luca Fiorilla
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universitas Airlangga 2025-06-01
Series:Dental Journal
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Online Access:https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/article/view/47946
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author Komal K. Ghadge
Sharath K. Shetty
Anita Kulloli
Santosh Martande
Vini Mehta
D. Gopalakrishnan
Ankita Mathur
Luca Fiorilla
author_facet Komal K. Ghadge
Sharath K. Shetty
Anita Kulloli
Santosh Martande
Vini Mehta
D. Gopalakrishnan
Ankita Mathur
Luca Fiorilla
author_sort Komal K. Ghadge
collection DOAJ
description Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that contributes to systemic complications. It is associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control and other diabetes-related complications. Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the metabolic level of diabetes (HbA1c) in diabetic patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) in the Indian population. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria were followed for conducting the review. PubMed-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until January 30, 2025. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB)-2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCT) was used to assess quality. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) was employed as a summary statistic measure using a random effect model. Results: Eleven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which only six studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through the SMD signifies that periodontal therapy, or NSPT, had a significant reduction in the clinical parameters assessed (p < 0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution with the absence of systematic heterogeneity. Conclusion: This study highlights that NSPT as a standalone therapy significantly reduces metabolic markers, specifically HbA1c, in diabetic patients. Additionally, notable improvements in clinical parameters were observed following NSPT. Therefore, periodontal therapy should be considered for patients with elevated metabolic markers (HbA1c), as it may help to reduce both the inflammatory burden and HbA1c levels associated with diabetes.
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spelling doaj-art-409d14a209cb4a0d84272ff2ee9c0eb32025-08-20T02:32:30ZengUniversitas AirlanggaDental Journal1978-37282442-97402025-06-0158219820610.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p198-20646033The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysisKomal K. Ghadge0Sharath K. Shetty1Anita Kulloli2Santosh Martande3Vini Mehta4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-907XD. Gopalakrishnan5Ankita Mathur6Luca Fiorilla7Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, PuneDepartment of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India; Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, NaplesBackground: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that contributes to systemic complications. It is associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control and other diabetes-related complications. Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the metabolic level of diabetes (HbA1c) in diabetic patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) in the Indian population. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria were followed for conducting the review. PubMed-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until January 30, 2025. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB)-2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCT) was used to assess quality. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) was employed as a summary statistic measure using a random effect model. Results: Eleven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which only six studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through the SMD signifies that periodontal therapy, or NSPT, had a significant reduction in the clinical parameters assessed (p < 0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution with the absence of systematic heterogeneity. Conclusion: This study highlights that NSPT as a standalone therapy significantly reduces metabolic markers, specifically HbA1c, in diabetic patients. Additionally, notable improvements in clinical parameters were observed following NSPT. Therefore, periodontal therapy should be considered for patients with elevated metabolic markers (HbA1c), as it may help to reduce both the inflammatory burden and HbA1c levels associated with diabetes.https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/article/view/47946glycated hemoglobindiabetes mellitusgeneralized chronic periodontitis
spellingShingle Komal K. Ghadge
Sharath K. Shetty
Anita Kulloli
Santosh Martande
Vini Mehta
D. Gopalakrishnan
Ankita Mathur
Luca Fiorilla
The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dental Journal
glycated hemoglobin
diabetes mellitus
generalized chronic periodontitis
title The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort effect of non surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in indian diabetics with periodontal disease a systematic review and meta analysis
topic glycated hemoglobin
diabetes mellitus
generalized chronic periodontitis
url https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/article/view/47946
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