Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify the prognostic factors affecting visual outcomes, retinal detachment, and recurrence in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantat...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Qiaozhu Zeng Yuou Yao Jing Hou Heng Miao |
| author_facet | Qiaozhu Zeng Yuou Yao Jing Hou Heng Miao |
| author_sort | Qiaozhu Zeng |
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| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify the prognostic factors affecting visual outcomes, retinal detachment, and recurrence in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective analysis of 54 CMVR patients (84 eyes) who underwent allo-HSCT between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. Ophthalmologic and systemic evaluations were performed. The visual outcomes were classified as improvement, stabilization, and deterioration. Logistic regression and LASSO regression models were used to identify the prognostic factors. <b>Results</b>: Improved or stabilized visual outcomes were found in 22 eyes, while 62 eyes suffered from deterioration. Larger lesion areas were independently associated with poorer visual outcomes (OR 0.989, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Eight (9.5%) eyes had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and thirteen (15.5%) eyes suffered from recurrence. Retinal detachment was significantly predicted by higher baseline aqueous CMV DNA load (OR 5.087, <i>p</i> = 0.026). Macula involvement (OR 5.322, <i>p</i> = 0.032) and more intravitreal injections (IVs) (OR 1.263, <i>p</i> = 0.008) were independent risk factors for recurrence. No systemic factors were found to be associated with the clinical outcome of eyes with CMVR. <b>Conclusions</b>: Ocular characteristics, rather than systemic factors, were more useful to predict the clinical outcome of eyes with CMVR. Routine ophthalmic screening and early intervention are essential to improving outcomes in this vulnerable population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-404964d3524c4238a5734e90028da242 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-404964d3524c4238a5734e90028da2422025-01-24T13:24:31ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-0113124210.3390/biomedicines13010242Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationQiaozhu Zeng0Yuou Yao1Jing Hou2Heng Miao3Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Center of Optometry, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology & Clinical Center of Optometry, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology & Clinical Center of Optometry, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology & Clinical Center of Optometry, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China<b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify the prognostic factors affecting visual outcomes, retinal detachment, and recurrence in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective analysis of 54 CMVR patients (84 eyes) who underwent allo-HSCT between 2015 and 2024 was conducted. Ophthalmologic and systemic evaluations were performed. The visual outcomes were classified as improvement, stabilization, and deterioration. Logistic regression and LASSO regression models were used to identify the prognostic factors. <b>Results</b>: Improved or stabilized visual outcomes were found in 22 eyes, while 62 eyes suffered from deterioration. Larger lesion areas were independently associated with poorer visual outcomes (OR 0.989, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Eight (9.5%) eyes had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and thirteen (15.5%) eyes suffered from recurrence. Retinal detachment was significantly predicted by higher baseline aqueous CMV DNA load (OR 5.087, <i>p</i> = 0.026). Macula involvement (OR 5.322, <i>p</i> = 0.032) and more intravitreal injections (IVs) (OR 1.263, <i>p</i> = 0.008) were independent risk factors for recurrence. No systemic factors were found to be associated with the clinical outcome of eyes with CMVR. <b>Conclusions</b>: Ocular characteristics, rather than systemic factors, were more useful to predict the clinical outcome of eyes with CMVR. Routine ophthalmic screening and early intervention are essential to improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/242prognostic factorcytomegalovirus retinitisallogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
| spellingShingle | Qiaozhu Zeng Yuou Yao Jing Hou Heng Miao Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Biomedicines prognostic factor cytomegalovirus retinitis allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
| title | Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
| title_full | Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
| title_short | Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors Affecting Clinical Outcomes in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and prognostic factors affecting clinical outcomes in cytomegalovirus retinitis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
| topic | prognostic factor cytomegalovirus retinitis allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/242 |
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