Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube
A vortex tube is a device that separates compressed air at ambient temperature into cold and hot air. Compared to other air conditioning devices, it has a more straightforward structure and does not require a separate power source, making it widely used in various industrial fields. Numerous studies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24017593 |
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| author | Hyo Beom Heo Jun Ho Lee Jeong Won Yoon Sangseok Yu Byoung Jae Kim Seokyeon Im Seung Hwan Park |
| author_facet | Hyo Beom Heo Jun Ho Lee Jeong Won Yoon Sangseok Yu Byoung Jae Kim Seokyeon Im Seung Hwan Park |
| author_sort | Hyo Beom Heo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A vortex tube is a device that separates compressed air at ambient temperature into cold and hot air. Compared to other air conditioning devices, it has a more straightforward structure and does not require a separate power source, making it widely used in various industrial fields. Numerous studies have proposed a data-driven surrogate model to predict the temperature at an outlet. These data-driven models are a narrow model that is suitable for the specific device. Furthermore, due to the complex internal flow field within the vortex tube, no theoretical formula has been established to explain the temperature separation phenomenon. Therefore, this study aims to develop a general surrogate model for predicting the performance of the vortex tube using symbolic regression, a representative white-box machine learning model. A white-box machine learning model is one that allows users to understand how it was able to produce its output. Non-dimensionalization is applied to ensure unit consistency across the symbolic regression and to enhance the generalizability of the surrogate model. This study also introduces genetic programming permutation importance (GPPI), a variable selection method designed to prevent model overfitting. An intuitive surrogate model are created using the cold outlet orifice hold diameter, cold mass fraction, pressure ratio, nozzle area ratio, and tube aspect ratio from counter-flow vortex tube and it was verified with new experimental data. The existing black box model was suitable only for specific experiments, However, the proposed white-box model demonstrated suitability for new experimental data, achieving a maximum performance of R2 = 0.8625. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4030ee6142cc4f67bdef56c19a155b4a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-157X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-4030ee6142cc4f67bdef56c19a155b4a2025-02-02T05:27:17ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-02-0166105728Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tubeHyo Beom Heo0Jun Ho Lee1Jeong Won Yoon2Sangseok Yu3Byoung Jae Kim4Seokyeon Im5Seung Hwan Park6Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.A vortex tube is a device that separates compressed air at ambient temperature into cold and hot air. Compared to other air conditioning devices, it has a more straightforward structure and does not require a separate power source, making it widely used in various industrial fields. Numerous studies have proposed a data-driven surrogate model to predict the temperature at an outlet. These data-driven models are a narrow model that is suitable for the specific device. Furthermore, due to the complex internal flow field within the vortex tube, no theoretical formula has been established to explain the temperature separation phenomenon. Therefore, this study aims to develop a general surrogate model for predicting the performance of the vortex tube using symbolic regression, a representative white-box machine learning model. A white-box machine learning model is one that allows users to understand how it was able to produce its output. Non-dimensionalization is applied to ensure unit consistency across the symbolic regression and to enhance the generalizability of the surrogate model. This study also introduces genetic programming permutation importance (GPPI), a variable selection method designed to prevent model overfitting. An intuitive surrogate model are created using the cold outlet orifice hold diameter, cold mass fraction, pressure ratio, nozzle area ratio, and tube aspect ratio from counter-flow vortex tube and it was verified with new experimental data. The existing black box model was suitable only for specific experiments, However, the proposed white-box model demonstrated suitability for new experimental data, achieving a maximum performance of R2 = 0.8625.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24017593Vortex tubeTemperature separationSurrogate modelWhite-box modelingSymbolic regression |
| spellingShingle | Hyo Beom Heo Jun Ho Lee Jeong Won Yoon Sangseok Yu Byoung Jae Kim Seokyeon Im Seung Hwan Park Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Vortex tube Temperature separation Surrogate model White-box modeling Symbolic regression |
| title | Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| title_full | Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| title_fullStr | Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| title_full_unstemmed | Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| title_short | Explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| title_sort | explainable surrogate modeling for predicting temperature separation performance of the vortex tube |
| topic | Vortex tube Temperature separation Surrogate model White-box modeling Symbolic regression |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24017593 |
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