Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles
Background One of the recognized effects of systematic physical activity is the improvement of physical fitness, with a negative correlation found between physical fitness and cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risk. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of single nucleotide polymorp...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Junren Lai Li Gong Yan Liu Yanchun Li Jing Ni Duoqi Zhou |
| author_facet | Junren Lai Li Gong Yan Liu Yanchun Li Jing Ni Duoqi Zhou |
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| description | Background One of the recognized effects of systematic physical activity is the improvement of physical fitness, with a negative correlation found between physical fitness and cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risk. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) gene on the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on blood lipids, and simultaneously screen out the genetic markers sensitive to HIIT in Chinese Han youth. Methods In the 12-week HIIT program, a total of 237 Chinese Han college students with non-regular exercise habits were recruited, and these volunteers participated in the training three times a week. Baseline and after the HIIT program, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured, respectively. DNA was extracted from the white blood cells of volunteers and genotyping was carried out. The PLINK v1.09 software was used to conduct quality control screening on the obtained SNPs, and a linear regression model was constructed to analyze the association between ADCY3 gene SNPs and the effect of HIIT on blood lipids. ANOVA multiple comparison (LSD) was performed to test the difference between groups (P < 0.05). Results (1) Through the analysis of Illumina CGA chip scanning, a total of 22 SNPs of the ADCY3 gene were identified. Following rigorous quality control screening, 15 SNPs were included in the subsequent analysis. Notably, it was found that the rs2241759 locus is associated with the effect of HIIT on blood lipid profiles. (2) Among male volunteers, significant differences in the baseline HDL-C values were observed among the three genotypes at the rs2241759 locus of the ADCY3 gene (β = − 0.019, P = 0.040). The baseline value for the GG genotype was higher than that AA/AG genotypes. (3) After HIIT, the total levels of TC and HDL-C in volunteers increased significantly (P < 0.05). In contrast, the total levels of TG and LDL-C decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Further statistical analysis categorized by gender revealed that, with the exception of TC values in men, significant changes were observed for TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C across both genders (P < 0.05). (4) Compared to male volunteers with the GG genotype, male volunteers carrying the A allele exhibited a more pronounced change in TC values following training (β = 0.044, P = 0.038). (5) The rs2241759 locus demonstrated a significant association with the effect of HIIT on LDL-C (β = − 0.065, P = 0.04363). Conclusion (1) The implementation of a 12-week HIIT regimen can significantly enhance the blood lipid status of college students. (2) The locus rs2241759 of the ADCY3 gene is significantly associated with the sensitivity of LDL-C to HIIT. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-3fe054d1ee4d4be9a591e6a3271663bc2025-08-20T02:11:55ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592025-04-0113e1927110.7717/peerj.19271Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profilesJunren Lai0Li Gong1Yan Liu2Yanchun Li3Jing Ni4Duoqi Zhou5College of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, ChinaCollege of Sport, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, ChinaScientific Research Center of Chinese Sports and Health, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Sport, JiangXi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, ChinaBackground One of the recognized effects of systematic physical activity is the improvement of physical fitness, with a negative correlation found between physical fitness and cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risk. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) gene on the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on blood lipids, and simultaneously screen out the genetic markers sensitive to HIIT in Chinese Han youth. Methods In the 12-week HIIT program, a total of 237 Chinese Han college students with non-regular exercise habits were recruited, and these volunteers participated in the training three times a week. Baseline and after the HIIT program, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured, respectively. DNA was extracted from the white blood cells of volunteers and genotyping was carried out. The PLINK v1.09 software was used to conduct quality control screening on the obtained SNPs, and a linear regression model was constructed to analyze the association between ADCY3 gene SNPs and the effect of HIIT on blood lipids. ANOVA multiple comparison (LSD) was performed to test the difference between groups (P < 0.05). Results (1) Through the analysis of Illumina CGA chip scanning, a total of 22 SNPs of the ADCY3 gene were identified. Following rigorous quality control screening, 15 SNPs were included in the subsequent analysis. Notably, it was found that the rs2241759 locus is associated with the effect of HIIT on blood lipid profiles. (2) Among male volunteers, significant differences in the baseline HDL-C values were observed among the three genotypes at the rs2241759 locus of the ADCY3 gene (β = − 0.019, P = 0.040). The baseline value for the GG genotype was higher than that AA/AG genotypes. (3) After HIIT, the total levels of TC and HDL-C in volunteers increased significantly (P < 0.05). In contrast, the total levels of TG and LDL-C decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Further statistical analysis categorized by gender revealed that, with the exception of TC values in men, significant changes were observed for TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C across both genders (P < 0.05). (4) Compared to male volunteers with the GG genotype, male volunteers carrying the A allele exhibited a more pronounced change in TC values following training (β = 0.044, P = 0.038). (5) The rs2241759 locus demonstrated a significant association with the effect of HIIT on LDL-C (β = − 0.065, P = 0.04363). Conclusion (1) The implementation of a 12-week HIIT regimen can significantly enhance the blood lipid status of college students. (2) The locus rs2241759 of the ADCY3 gene is significantly associated with the sensitivity of LDL-C to HIIT.https://peerj.com/articles/19271.pdfAdenylate cyclase 3Gene polymorphismsHigh-intensity interval trainingBlood lipid profiles |
| spellingShingle | Junren Lai Li Gong Yan Liu Yanchun Li Jing Ni Duoqi Zhou Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles PeerJ Adenylate cyclase 3 Gene polymorphisms High-intensity interval training Blood lipid profiles |
| title | Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| title_full | Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| title_fullStr | Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| title_short | Association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| title_sort | association between polymorphisms of the adenylate cyclase 3 gene rs2241759 and the effect of high intensity interval training on blood lipid profiles |
| topic | Adenylate cyclase 3 Gene polymorphisms High-intensity interval training Blood lipid profiles |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/19271.pdf |
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