Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment

Summary: Radiotherapy has long been recognized as an effective conventional approach in both clinical and scientific research, primarily through mechanisms involving DNA destruction or the generation of reactive oxygen species to target tumors. However, significant challenges persist, including the...

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Main Authors: Meijuan He, Shixiong Chen, Hongwei Yu, Xuhui Fan, Hong Wu, Yihui Wang, Han Wang, Xiaorui Yin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:iScience
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004224028293
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author Meijuan He
Shixiong Chen
Hongwei Yu
Xuhui Fan
Hong Wu
Yihui Wang
Han Wang
Xiaorui Yin
author_facet Meijuan He
Shixiong Chen
Hongwei Yu
Xuhui Fan
Hong Wu
Yihui Wang
Han Wang
Xiaorui Yin
author_sort Meijuan He
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Radiotherapy has long been recognized as an effective conventional approach in both clinical and scientific research, primarily through mechanisms involving DNA destruction or the generation of reactive oxygen species to target tumors. However, significant challenges persist, including the unavoidable damage to normal tissues and the development of radiation resistance. As a result, nanotechnology-based radiotherapy has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance precision in irradiation, improve radiosensitization, and achieve therapeutic advancements. Importantly, radiotherapy alone frequently falls short of fully eradicating tumors. Consequently, to augment the efficacy of radiotherapy, it is often integrated with other therapeutic strategies. This review elucidates the mechanisms of radiotherapy sensitization based on diverse nanoparticles. Typically, radiotherapy is sensitized through augmenting reactive oxygen species production, targeted radiotherapy, hypoxia relief, enhancement of antitumor immune microenvironment, and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Moreover, the incorporation of nanoparticle-based anti-tumor strategies with radiotherapy markedly enhances the current state of radiotherapy. Additionally, a compilation of clinical trials utilizing nano-radioenhancers is presented. Finally, future prospects for clinical translation in this field are thoroughly examined.
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publishDate 2025-01-01
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series iScience
spelling doaj-art-3f8d64c68bc843418ff2bc61d76f67b12025-08-20T02:39:59ZengElsevieriScience2589-00422025-01-0128111160210.1016/j.isci.2024.111602Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatmentMeijuan He0Shixiong Chen1Hongwei Yu2Xuhui Fan3Hong Wu4Yihui Wang5Han Wang6Xiaorui Yin7Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; Shanghai General Hospital Branch of National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai 201620, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; Shanghai General Hospital Branch of National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai 201620, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; Shanghai General Hospital Branch of National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai 201620, China; Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201803, China; Corresponding authorDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; Corresponding authorSummary: Radiotherapy has long been recognized as an effective conventional approach in both clinical and scientific research, primarily through mechanisms involving DNA destruction or the generation of reactive oxygen species to target tumors. However, significant challenges persist, including the unavoidable damage to normal tissues and the development of radiation resistance. As a result, nanotechnology-based radiotherapy has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance precision in irradiation, improve radiosensitization, and achieve therapeutic advancements. Importantly, radiotherapy alone frequently falls short of fully eradicating tumors. Consequently, to augment the efficacy of radiotherapy, it is often integrated with other therapeutic strategies. This review elucidates the mechanisms of radiotherapy sensitization based on diverse nanoparticles. Typically, radiotherapy is sensitized through augmenting reactive oxygen species production, targeted radiotherapy, hypoxia relief, enhancement of antitumor immune microenvironment, and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Moreover, the incorporation of nanoparticle-based anti-tumor strategies with radiotherapy markedly enhances the current state of radiotherapy. Additionally, a compilation of clinical trials utilizing nano-radioenhancers is presented. Finally, future prospects for clinical translation in this field are thoroughly examined.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004224028293Health sciencesNatural sciencesApplied sciences
spellingShingle Meijuan He
Shixiong Chen
Hongwei Yu
Xuhui Fan
Hong Wu
Yihui Wang
Han Wang
Xiaorui Yin
Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
iScience
Health sciences
Natural sciences
Applied sciences
title Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
title_full Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
title_fullStr Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
title_full_unstemmed Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
title_short Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
title_sort advances in nanoparticle based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
topic Health sciences
Natural sciences
Applied sciences
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004224028293
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AT xuhuifan advancesinnanoparticlebasedradiotherapyforcancertreatment
AT hongwu advancesinnanoparticlebasedradiotherapyforcancertreatment
AT yihuiwang advancesinnanoparticlebasedradiotherapyforcancertreatment
AT hanwang advancesinnanoparticlebasedradiotherapyforcancertreatment
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