Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden

The ACOSOG Z0011 and IBCSG 23-01 trials demonstrated that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) offers no prognostic benefit in breast cancer patients with clinically negative axillae and low disease burden (one to two positive nodes) on sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, uncertainty remain...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ashley DiPasquale, Lashan Peiris
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Current Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/307
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849433000934113280
author Ashley DiPasquale
Lashan Peiris
author_facet Ashley DiPasquale
Lashan Peiris
author_sort Ashley DiPasquale
collection DOAJ
description The ACOSOG Z0011 and IBCSG 23-01 trials demonstrated that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) offers no prognostic benefit in breast cancer patients with clinically negative axillae and low disease burden (one to two positive nodes) on sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, uncertainty remains regarding the management of patients with clinically negative axillae (cN0) who are found to have suspicious lymph nodes on imaging that are subsequently confirmed positive by biopsy. The current practice often directs these patients to upfront ALND, potentially exposing them to unnecessary surgical morbidity. This study aimed to assess the role of axillary ultrasound in predicting high axillary nodal burden and guiding surgical management. Using the Alberta Cancer Registry, we identified 107 cN0 breast cancer patients from 2010 to 2017 who underwent preoperative axillary ultrasound with positive biopsy followed by ALND. Our findings reveal that 42% of these patients had low axillary nodal burden on final pathology, meeting Z0011 criteria, and might potentially have avoided ALND. Furthermore, axillary ultrasound findings were not predictive of high axillary burden. These results highlight that many patients undergoing upfront ALND based on positive ultrasound-guided biopsy could benefit from SLNB alone. This supports the 2023 NCCN guidelines advocating for more selective use of ALND to minimize overtreatment and associated morbidity.
format Article
id doaj-art-3f5979ca7bcd4efbb5b2eb19e7c02130
institution Kabale University
issn 1198-0052
1718-7729
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Current Oncology
spelling doaj-art-3f5979ca7bcd4efbb5b2eb19e7c021302025-08-20T03:27:13ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292025-05-0132630710.3390/curroncol32060307Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease BurdenAshley DiPasquale0Lashan Peiris1Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, CanadaDepartment of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, CanadaThe ACOSOG Z0011 and IBCSG 23-01 trials demonstrated that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) offers no prognostic benefit in breast cancer patients with clinically negative axillae and low disease burden (one to two positive nodes) on sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, uncertainty remains regarding the management of patients with clinically negative axillae (cN0) who are found to have suspicious lymph nodes on imaging that are subsequently confirmed positive by biopsy. The current practice often directs these patients to upfront ALND, potentially exposing them to unnecessary surgical morbidity. This study aimed to assess the role of axillary ultrasound in predicting high axillary nodal burden and guiding surgical management. Using the Alberta Cancer Registry, we identified 107 cN0 breast cancer patients from 2010 to 2017 who underwent preoperative axillary ultrasound with positive biopsy followed by ALND. Our findings reveal that 42% of these patients had low axillary nodal burden on final pathology, meeting Z0011 criteria, and might potentially have avoided ALND. Furthermore, axillary ultrasound findings were not predictive of high axillary burden. These results highlight that many patients undergoing upfront ALND based on positive ultrasound-guided biopsy could benefit from SLNB alone. This supports the 2023 NCCN guidelines advocating for more selective use of ALND to minimize overtreatment and associated morbidity.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/307breast canceraxillary managementultrasound
spellingShingle Ashley DiPasquale
Lashan Peiris
Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
Current Oncology
breast cancer
axillary management
ultrasound
title Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
title_full Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
title_fullStr Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
title_full_unstemmed Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
title_short Preoperative Axillary Ultrasound in the Era of Z0011: A Model for Predicting High Axillary Disease Burden
title_sort preoperative axillary ultrasound in the era of z0011 a model for predicting high axillary disease burden
topic breast cancer
axillary management
ultrasound
url https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/307
work_keys_str_mv AT ashleydipasquale preoperativeaxillaryultrasoundintheeraofz0011amodelforpredictinghighaxillarydiseaseburden
AT lashanpeiris preoperativeaxillaryultrasoundintheeraofz0011amodelforpredictinghighaxillarydiseaseburden