Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns
Background. Updating the knowledge base on the causes and patterns of under-five mortality (U5M) is crucial for the design of suitable interventions to improve survival of children under five. Objectives. To assess the rate, causes, and age-specific patterns of U5M in Buea Health District, Cameroon....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Pediatrics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9605492 |
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| author | Ettamba Agborndip Benjamin Momo Kadia Domin Sone Majunda Ekaney Lawrence Tanyi Mbuagbaw Marie Therese Obama Julius Atashili |
| author_facet | Ettamba Agborndip Benjamin Momo Kadia Domin Sone Majunda Ekaney Lawrence Tanyi Mbuagbaw Marie Therese Obama Julius Atashili |
| author_sort | Ettamba Agborndip |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Updating the knowledge base on the causes and patterns of under-five mortality (U5M) is crucial for the design of suitable interventions to improve survival of children under five. Objectives. To assess the rate, causes, and age-specific patterns of U5M in Buea Health District, Cameroon. Methods. A retrospective cohort study involving 2000 randomly selected households was conducted. Live births registered between September 2004 and September 2009 were recorded. The under-five mortality rate (U5MR) was defined by the number of deaths that occurred on or before 5 years of age per 1000 live births. Causes of death were assigned using the InterVA-4 software. Results. A total of 2210 live births were recorded. There were 92 deaths, and the U5MR was 42 per 1000 live births. The mean age at death was 11±15.9 months. The most frequent causes of death were neonatal causes (37%), malaria (28%), and pneumonia (15%). Deaths during infancy accounted for 64.1% of U5M, with 43.5% neonatal (86% occurring within the first 24 hours of life) and 20.7% postneonatal. The main causes of death in infancy were birth asphyxia (37.5%), pneumonia (17.5%), complications of prematurity (10%), and malaria (10%). Child deaths accounted for 35.8% of U5M. Malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoeal illnesses accounted for the majority of child deaths. Conclusions. Almost half of U5M occurred during the neonatal period. Improvements in intrapartum care and the prevention and effective treatment of neonatal conditions, malaria, and pneumonia could considerably reduce U5M in Buea. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3f54d3689e764782b4dca08b13de8078 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9740 1687-9759 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-3f54d3689e764782b4dca08b13de80782025-02-03T01:05:24ZengWileyInternational Journal of Pediatrics1687-97401687-97592020-01-01202010.1155/2020/96054929605492Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific PatternsEttamba Agborndip0Benjamin Momo Kadia1Domin Sone Majunda Ekaney2Lawrence Tanyi Mbuagbaw3Marie Therese Obama4Julius Atashili5Health Education and Research Organisation (HERO), Buea, CameroonHealth Education and Research Organisation (HERO), Buea, CameroonHealth Education and Research Organisation (HERO), Buea, CameroonDepartment of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, CameroonFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, CameroonBackground. Updating the knowledge base on the causes and patterns of under-five mortality (U5M) is crucial for the design of suitable interventions to improve survival of children under five. Objectives. To assess the rate, causes, and age-specific patterns of U5M in Buea Health District, Cameroon. Methods. A retrospective cohort study involving 2000 randomly selected households was conducted. Live births registered between September 2004 and September 2009 were recorded. The under-five mortality rate (U5MR) was defined by the number of deaths that occurred on or before 5 years of age per 1000 live births. Causes of death were assigned using the InterVA-4 software. Results. A total of 2210 live births were recorded. There were 92 deaths, and the U5MR was 42 per 1000 live births. The mean age at death was 11±15.9 months. The most frequent causes of death were neonatal causes (37%), malaria (28%), and pneumonia (15%). Deaths during infancy accounted for 64.1% of U5M, with 43.5% neonatal (86% occurring within the first 24 hours of life) and 20.7% postneonatal. The main causes of death in infancy were birth asphyxia (37.5%), pneumonia (17.5%), complications of prematurity (10%), and malaria (10%). Child deaths accounted for 35.8% of U5M. Malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoeal illnesses accounted for the majority of child deaths. Conclusions. Almost half of U5M occurred during the neonatal period. Improvements in intrapartum care and the prevention and effective treatment of neonatal conditions, malaria, and pneumonia could considerably reduce U5M in Buea.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9605492 |
| spellingShingle | Ettamba Agborndip Benjamin Momo Kadia Domin Sone Majunda Ekaney Lawrence Tanyi Mbuagbaw Marie Therese Obama Julius Atashili Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns International Journal of Pediatrics |
| title | Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns |
| title_full | Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns |
| title_fullStr | Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns |
| title_short | Under-Five Mortality in Buea Health District, Southwest Cameroon: Evidence from a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study of Rate, Causes, and Age-Specific Patterns |
| title_sort | under five mortality in buea health district southwest cameroon evidence from a community based birth cohort study of rate causes and age specific patterns |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9605492 |
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