Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces
In this study, we propose a novel design incorporating six Planar Inverted-L Antennas (PILAs) to miniaturize Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF-RFID) tags, thereby enhancing tag efficiency when mounted on various conductive surfaces. The design enables effective tag antenna ope...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Minh-Tan Nguyen Yi-Fang Lin Chien-Hung Chen Hoang-Son Luong Hua-Ming Chen |
| author_facet | Minh-Tan Nguyen Yi-Fang Lin Chien-Hung Chen Hoang-Son Luong Hua-Ming Chen |
| author_sort | Minh-Tan Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we propose a novel design incorporating six Planar Inverted-L Antennas (PILAs) to miniaturize Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF-RFID) tags, thereby enhancing tag efficiency when mounted on various conductive surfaces. The design enables effective tag antenna operation when attached to surfaces with varying signal absorption and reflection characteristics, obviating the need for a complete antenna redesign. By dominating the capacitive reactance between gaps or the inductive reactance of vias, the tag matches the proposed antenna and the microchip (with an impedance of 10.7–j<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$134.5~\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 915 MHz). Both simulation and measurement results confirm the effectiveness of our approach. With this configuration of six adjacent coupled PILA antennas, the proposed tag minimizes electromagnetic field absorption from surfaces, such as containers filled with water or the human body, while enhancing radiation from reflective surfaces like metal. The tag antenna was fabricated on a single FR4 substrate, measuring <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30\times 20\times 3.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm3 (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.10~\lambda _{0} \times 0.08~\lambda _{0} \times 0.01~\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and successfully tested on various conductive materials. In a free-space medium, a reader antenna with an Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of 4.0 W achieved maximum reading distances of 7.8 m, 6.1 m, and 5.3 m as the tag antenna was positioned on a metal plane, a water-filled container, and on a human body, respectively. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3f1aeaf2e7b04048864b317058367acc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-3f1aeaf2e7b04048864b317058367acc2025-01-31T23:05:05ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113195601957510.1109/ACCESS.2025.353364110852320Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection SurfacesMinh-Tan Nguyen0Yi-Fang Lin1Chien-Hung Chen2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-1504Hoang-Son Luong3Hua-Ming Chen4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-0267Faculty of Information Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, VietnamInstitute of Photonics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Avionics Engineering, R.O.C. Air Force Academy, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Postgraduate Studies, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, VietnamInstitute of Photonics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, TaiwanIn this study, we propose a novel design incorporating six Planar Inverted-L Antennas (PILAs) to miniaturize Ultra-High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF-RFID) tags, thereby enhancing tag efficiency when mounted on various conductive surfaces. The design enables effective tag antenna operation when attached to surfaces with varying signal absorption and reflection characteristics, obviating the need for a complete antenna redesign. By dominating the capacitive reactance between gaps or the inductive reactance of vias, the tag matches the proposed antenna and the microchip (with an impedance of 10.7–j<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$134.5~\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 915 MHz). Both simulation and measurement results confirm the effectiveness of our approach. With this configuration of six adjacent coupled PILA antennas, the proposed tag minimizes electromagnetic field absorption from surfaces, such as containers filled with water or the human body, while enhancing radiation from reflective surfaces like metal. The tag antenna was fabricated on a single FR4 substrate, measuring <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30\times 20\times 3.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm3 (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.10~\lambda _{0} \times 0.08~\lambda _{0} \times 0.01~\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and successfully tested on various conductive materials. In a free-space medium, a reader antenna with an Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) of 4.0 W achieved maximum reading distances of 7.8 m, 6.1 m, and 5.3 m as the tag antenna was positioned on a metal plane, a water-filled container, and on a human body, respectively.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10852320/PILA tag antennaabsorption materialreflection surfaceread rangeminiaturized tag antenna |
| spellingShingle | Minh-Tan Nguyen Yi-Fang Lin Chien-Hung Chen Hoang-Son Luong Hua-Ming Chen Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces IEEE Access PILA tag antenna absorption material reflection surface read range miniaturized tag antenna |
| title | Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces |
| title_full | Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces |
| title_fullStr | Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces |
| title_short | Low Profile Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) for UHF RFID Tag on Signal Absorption and Reflection Surfaces |
| title_sort | low profile planar inverted l antenna pila for uhf rfid tag on signal absorption and reflection surfaces |
| topic | PILA tag antenna absorption material reflection surface read range miniaturized tag antenna |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10852320/ |
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