Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols
Copper (Cu) is a critical micronutrient for wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), essential for growth and grain baking quality, yet its availability is limited because Cu is specifically adsorbed on colloids of highly weathered tropical soils like Oxisols. This study hypothesizes that Cu...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Loren Chisté Carlos Alberto Silva Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo Keiji Jindo Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo |
| author_facet | Loren Chisté Carlos Alberto Silva Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo Keiji Jindo Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo |
| author_sort | Loren Chisté |
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| description | Copper (Cu) is a critical micronutrient for wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), essential for growth and grain baking quality, yet its availability is limited because Cu is specifically adsorbed on colloids of highly weathered tropical soils like Oxisols. This study hypothesizes that Cu-doped biochar composites can outperform traditional Cu fertilizers in improving wheat growth and Cu use efficiency. Composites were synthesized from chicken manure (FCM), shrimp shells (FSC), and sewage sludge (FSS), doped with copper sulfate (CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O) or copper oxide (CuO), and pyrolyzed at 300 °C or 550 °C. The experimental design involved greenhouse trials in two Oxisols (RYL and DRL), assessing Cu release kinetics, plant Cu uptake, and dry matter production. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful Cu integration. Results revealed that CSS/CS-5 (FSS + CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O at 550 °C) improved Cu uptake and shoot biomass in DRL soil, while CSC/CS-3 (FSC + CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O at 300 °C) enhanced wheat CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O growth in RYL soil. Peak Cu availability varied by CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O soil and composite type, with residual Cu highest CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O in CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O-treated soils. These findings demonstrate that Cu–biochar composites, tailored to soil conditions, offer a sustainable alternative to mineral Cu fertilizers by enhancing the nutrient availability and wheat grain yield. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d9fc19df06647c58bbdf61a71165c422025-01-24T13:16:55ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-01-0115114410.3390/agronomy15010144Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in OxisolsLoren Chisté0Carlos Alberto Silva1Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo2Keiji Jindo3Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo4Department of Soil Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, MG, BrazilDepartment of Soil Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, MG, BrazilDepartment of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-260, SP, BrazilAgrosystems Research, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Soil Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, MG, BrazilCopper (Cu) is a critical micronutrient for wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.), essential for growth and grain baking quality, yet its availability is limited because Cu is specifically adsorbed on colloids of highly weathered tropical soils like Oxisols. This study hypothesizes that Cu-doped biochar composites can outperform traditional Cu fertilizers in improving wheat growth and Cu use efficiency. Composites were synthesized from chicken manure (FCM), shrimp shells (FSC), and sewage sludge (FSS), doped with copper sulfate (CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O) or copper oxide (CuO), and pyrolyzed at 300 °C or 550 °C. The experimental design involved greenhouse trials in two Oxisols (RYL and DRL), assessing Cu release kinetics, plant Cu uptake, and dry matter production. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful Cu integration. Results revealed that CSS/CS-5 (FSS + CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O at 550 °C) improved Cu uptake and shoot biomass in DRL soil, while CSC/CS-3 (FSC + CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O at 300 °C) enhanced wheat CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O growth in RYL soil. Peak Cu availability varied by CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O soil and composite type, with residual Cu highest CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O in CuSO<sub>4</sub>5H<sub>2</sub>O-treated soils. These findings demonstrate that Cu–biochar composites, tailored to soil conditions, offer a sustainable alternative to mineral Cu fertilizers by enhancing the nutrient availability and wheat grain yield.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/144Cu-dopingchemometricsCu release kineticsATR-FTIRsoil Cu availabilityCu adsorption in tropical soils |
| spellingShingle | Loren Chisté Carlos Alberto Silva Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo Keiji Jindo Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols Agronomy Cu-doping chemometrics Cu release kinetics ATR-FTIR soil Cu availability Cu adsorption in tropical soils |
| title | Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols |
| title_full | Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols |
| title_short | Evaluating Copper-Doped Biochar Composites for Improving Wheat Nutrition and Growth in Oxisols |
| title_sort | evaluating copper doped biochar composites for improving wheat nutrition and growth in oxisols |
| topic | Cu-doping chemometrics Cu release kinetics ATR-FTIR soil Cu availability Cu adsorption in tropical soils |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/144 |
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