Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Introduction Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnant women is a major public health challenge. The incidence of IDA increases throughout pregnancy, and women who experience it are at a similar risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies or even during the same pregnancy. Purpose This st...

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Main Authors: Martin Soda, Jean Kasuyi Lufuluabo, Gillon Ilombe, Salomon Agasa Batina, Pascal Lutumba
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Orapuh, Inc. 2025-08-01
Series:Orapuh Journal
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Online Access:https://www.orapuh.org/ojs/index.php/orapj/article/view/440
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author Martin Soda
Jean Kasuyi Lufuluabo
Gillon Ilombe
Salomon Agasa Batina
Pascal Lutumba
author_facet Martin Soda
Jean Kasuyi Lufuluabo
Gillon Ilombe
Salomon Agasa Batina
Pascal Lutumba
author_sort Martin Soda
collection DOAJ
description Introduction Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnant women is a major public health challenge. The incidence of IDA increases throughout pregnancy, and women who experience it are at a similar risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies or even during the same pregnancy. Purpose This study aimed to determine the incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women with microcytic hypochromic anaemia compared with pregnant women with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Methods A prospective, open-label, multicentre, matched cohort study was conducted with 11,226 pregnant women, comprising 7,832 (69.77%) with microcytic hypochromic anaemia and 3,394 (30.23%) with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia. These women were enrolled and monitored for 66 days in antenatal clinics (ANC) across 17 selected health facilities (HF) in Kisangani. Results The overall incidence of iron deficiency anaemia was 2.52% (95% CI: 2.47, 2.57) among all pregnant women. Women with microcytic hypochromic anaemia had a higher risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia compared to those with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia (2.79% vs. 1.91%). Predictors of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy included microcytic hypochromic anaemia (aHR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.26–1.40), age between 20 and 35 years (aHR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.34), non-use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) (aHR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.19), and iron supplementation during pregnancy (aHR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06–1.21). Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of preventing the progression of anaemia in pregnancy through improved reproductive health services.
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spelling doaj-art-3d4fc1d033f74ebf902dbdc8e8c78b102025-08-20T04:03:21ZengOrapuh, Inc.Orapuh Journal2644-37402025-08-016810.4314/orapj.v6i8.78Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo Martin Soda0Jean Kasuyi Lufuluabo1Gillon Ilombe 2Salomon Agasa Batina3Pascal Lutumba 4Higher Institute of Medical Techniques of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the CongoHigher Institute of Medical Techniques of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the CongoUniversity of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, BelgiumUniversity of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the CongoHigher Institute of Medical Techniques of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo Introduction Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnant women is a major public health challenge. The incidence of IDA increases throughout pregnancy, and women who experience it are at a similar risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies or even during the same pregnancy. Purpose This study aimed to determine the incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women with microcytic hypochromic anaemia compared with pregnant women with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Methods A prospective, open-label, multicentre, matched cohort study was conducted with 11,226 pregnant women, comprising 7,832 (69.77%) with microcytic hypochromic anaemia and 3,394 (30.23%) with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia. These women were enrolled and monitored for 66 days in antenatal clinics (ANC) across 17 selected health facilities (HF) in Kisangani. Results The overall incidence of iron deficiency anaemia was 2.52% (95% CI: 2.47, 2.57) among all pregnant women. Women with microcytic hypochromic anaemia had a higher risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia compared to those with non-microcytic hypochromic anaemia (2.79% vs. 1.91%). Predictors of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy included microcytic hypochromic anaemia (aHR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.26–1.40), age between 20 and 35 years (aHR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.34), non-use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) (aHR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.19), and iron supplementation during pregnancy (aHR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06–1.21). Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of preventing the progression of anaemia in pregnancy through improved reproductive health services. https://www.orapuh.org/ojs/index.php/orapj/article/view/440Incidenceiron deficiency anaemiapregnant womenmicrocytic hypochromic anaemiaprospective matched cohort study review
spellingShingle Martin Soda
Jean Kasuyi Lufuluabo
Gillon Ilombe
Salomon Agasa Batina
Pascal Lutumba
Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Orapuh Journal
Incidence
iron deficiency anaemia
pregnant women
microcytic hypochromic anaemia
prospective matched cohort study review
title Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_full Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_fullStr Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_full_unstemmed Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_short Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia: Prospective matched cohort study in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
title_sort incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant women after microcytic hypochromic anaemia prospective matched cohort study in kisangani democratic republic of the congo
topic Incidence
iron deficiency anaemia
pregnant women
microcytic hypochromic anaemia
prospective matched cohort study review
url https://www.orapuh.org/ojs/index.php/orapj/article/view/440
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